常见后缀

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后缀是一种重要的构词法,通过后缀我们常常可以判断出一个词的词性。一下是一些常见后缀及其含义:

一、名词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ster-eer-erorpersonengagedinanoccupationoractivity)例词:gamestergangstersongsterengineerprofiteermountaineerauctioneerdriverteacherdirectoractorprofessor

2-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(smallunimportantthings)例词:bookletleafletstarlet 3-ette意为:1小的东西small例词:cigarette2假的东西imitation例词:leatherette3女性(female)例词:usherette

4-ess为:女性(female)例词:actresspoetesshostesspaintress 5-hood意为:时期(statusetc)例词:boyhoodchildhoodmanhood

6-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skillstateconditionstatusquality例词:leadershipfriendshipmembershiplectureshipsportsmanship 7-ful意为:theamountwhichnouncontains例词:cupfulhandfulmouthfulspoonful 8-tion-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(stateactionetc)例词:actionoppressionpossessioneducationstarva-tion2机构等institutionetc例词:organizationfoundation 9-ment为:状态,行动等(stateactionetc)例词:movementenslavementpavement

10-al为:动作(action)例词:arrivalrefusalrevivalrecitalremoval 11-age意为:程度,数量等extentamountetc例词:wastagecoverageacreageshrinkagebreakagehostage 12-ness-ityty意为:状态,品质statequalityetc例词:happinessusefulnessselfishnesskindnessrapidityactivitysanitychangeability 13-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等doctrineofpracticeof例词:idealismimpressionismabsenteeismracism 二、动词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1-ify意为:转为,变为toturnintotomakeorbecome例词:beautifydiversifysimplify 2-ize-en意为:使……,变得……tomakeorbecometomakeinto例词:modernizepopularizelegalizehospitalizesymbolizeripenwidenheightenthreaten

3-ate意为:增加,使……(giveoraddmakeorbecome)例词:originate validatedifferentiate

三、形容词后缀:

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ful为:充满,有(fullofhav-inggivingetc)例词:usefulpitifulhopefulhelpfulforgetfulthankfulfearful

2-less意为:没有,无(withoutnotgiving)例词:speechlesschildlessharmlesshopelessmeaningless 3-ly意为:有……品质的havingthequalitiesof例词:beastlymanlybrotherlyfriendly 4-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlikestatesmanliketiger-like

5-y-ish为:像……一般的(somewhatlike)例词:meatysandysilkyhairyleafywateryfoolishgirlishblackishthinnish


6-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(likecausinghavingthequalityof)例词:troublesomeburdensomewholesometiresomebothersome 7-ableible意为:能……的;可以……的)例词:changeablereadabledrinkablecomfortableexpansibleconvincible

8-ed意为:有……的(havingetc)例词:woodedpointedmoneyedodd-shaped 9-al为:有……属性的,……类型的例词:culturalpersonalregionalmusical 10-aryory意为:属于……的,与……相连的 例词:revolutionaryimaginarycontradictory 11-ous为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的 例词:gloriouserroneousmaliciousgracious

12-icical)意为:……类的;属于……的 例词:historichistoricalmethodicmethodicaldramaticheroic

13-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的 例词:attractivetalkativerestrictivedefensivepreventiveconstructivesensitive 四、副词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1-ly意为:以……方式

例词:happilyboldlyattentive-lystrangely 2-wards意为:表示方式或动作的方向 例词:onwardsbackwardsearthwardshomewardseastwards

3-wise意为:1按照……方式 例词:crabwiseclockwise2就……而言 例词:weatherwiseeducationwise


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