初中比较级和最高级完整版

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形容词副词比较级和最高级的构成



一、大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1)单音节词加词尾-er-est来构成比较级和最高级。 tall(高的) taller tallest

great(巨大的) greater greatest

2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest large(大的) larger largest

able(有能力的) abler ablest

3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er-est big(大的) bigger biggest hot热的) hotter hottest

red红色的 redder reddest 4"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词, yi,再加 -er-est easy(容易的) easier easiest

busy(忙的) busier busiest

5)以ly结尾的副词,除early-earlier-earliest 其他都是加more most.

Slowly-more slowly-most slowly Bravely-more bravely-most bravely

quickly-more quickly-most quickly 6)少数以-er-ow 结尾的双音节词未尾加-er-est clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest

narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest

7)其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加moremost来构成比较级和最高级。如: important(重要的) more important most important easily(容易地) more easily most easily

8)一些词的比较级和最高级,可以加-er -est,也可以加moremost,如:clever, polite等。 9) 不规则变化

有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的,需要特殊记忆。如: good / wellbetterbest bad / ill/badlyworseworst many / muchmoremost littlelessleast

farfartherfarthest(表示距离) / farfurtherfurthest (表示程度)

oldolder / elderoldest (表示新旧或年龄) / eldest (表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系)

副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则和形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则一样,所不同的是:形容词最高级前面必须用the,而副词的最高级前面的the 可带可不带。

一些词本身没有比较级和最高级形式,如:right, wrong, full, empty, round, complete, wooden, dead, daily等。

long-longer-longest


young-younger-youngest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest short-shorter-shortest high-higher-highest deep-deeper-deepest small-smaller-smallest big-bigger-biggest tall-taller-tallest loud-louder-loudest low-lower-lowest thin-thiner-thinest fat-fatter-fattest

great-greater-greatest nice-nicer-nicest

happy-happier-happiest heavy-heavier-heaviest cheap-cheaper-cheapest near-nearer-nearest clean-dleaner-cleanest few-fewer-fewest late-later-latest

angry-angrier-angriest busy-busier-busiest lazy-lazier-laziest hot-hotter-hottest glad-gladder-gladdest clear-clearer-clearest strong-stronger-strongest lucky-luckier-luckiest

interesting-moreinteresting-most interesting difficult-more difficult-most difficult

expensive-more expensive-most expensive

形容词比较级的用法

1. 两者比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“... 比较级 + than ...。如:Actions speak louder than words.

2. 在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Which / Who is +比较级, ... or ...?。如:Which sweater is cheaper, the red one or the yellow one?

3. 表示“两者之间最……的一个”时,用“the + 比较级”。如:Lucy is the taller of the twins.

4. 表示“越……,越……”时,用“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”。如:The more you eat, the fatter you will become.


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