类集体名词
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英语中的三类集体名词 陕西省武功县观音堂中学 高增敏 集体名词在句中用作单数还是用作复数,后面该接单数形式的动词还是复数形式的动词,这些都应根据不同情况或意思加以处理。下面将集体名词归纳为三类: Ⅰ类:这一类包括 cattle(牛),folk(人们,亲属),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽), militia(民兵),mankind(人类),personnel(全体人员)等,其用法特点为:只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义,用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与 a(n)连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指): 1.Cattle were used as money in old days . 过去牛被当作钱用。 2. The town folk know him as Mr. Dick . 镇上的人们都知道他是迪克先生。 3.People are sure to laugh at you if you do that.如果你做那件事的话,人们肯定会嘲笑你的。 4.The police are searching for the missing papers.警察正在搜寻那些失踪的文件。 5.Their poultry are kept in the cages . 他们的家禽关在笼子里。 6. The militia are all out drilling for the May Day parade . 民兵都出来操练准备五一节游行。 7. The mankind long for peace . 人类渴望和平。 8. State personnel have had this viewpoint drummed into them. 国务院的工作人员被反复灌输这个观点。 Ⅱ类:这一类包括family(家庭),government (政府),team(队),class(班),public(公众),committee(委员会),school(学校),audience(听众),group(群,组), party(聚会,派队),club(俱乐部),crew(全体人员),crowd (群众), enemy(敌人) , company(公司), population(人口)等,其用法特点为:若视为整体,表示单数意义;若考虑其个体成员,表示复数意义。请仔细比较下面几组句子,体会其单复数用法。 9.The whole family has moved to London.整个家庭都已搬到伦敦去了。 10.All the family are pleased about the news of Jack's success.家里所有的人对杰克成功的消息都感到非常高兴。 11.The government has decided to pass the law.政府已决定通过这一法律。 12.The government have discussed the matter for a long time but they have shown no sign of reaching agreement.政府成员对这一问题已讨论了很久,但尚未有达成一致意见的迹象。 13.The football team is playing well.整个球队踢得不错。 14.The football team are having baths and are then coming back here for tea.足球队员们正在洗澡,马上就要回到这里吃茶点。 15.The class is a big one.这个班人很多。 16.The class are unable to agree on a monitor.这个班的学生在班长的人选问题上不能取得一致意见。 Ⅲ类:这一类包括 baggage / luggage(行李),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),machinery(机器) ,merchandise( 商品,货物), jewelry(珠宝)等,其用法特点为:是不可数名词,要用单数形式,不用不定冠词 (当然更不能用数词),没有复数形式: 17.Have you checked all your baggage/luggage? 你把所有行李都核实了吗? 18.Our clothing protects us from /against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。 19.The furniture is called sofa . 这种家具叫沙发。 20.New machinery is being installed in the factory . 工厂正在安装新机器。 21.The merchandise had gone through the examination . 商品已被检查过了。 22.Much of her jewelry was missing . 她丢失了大多数珠宝。 练习题:请用所给单词的正确形式填空。 (1).The public _____(be)sure that things will get better. (2).The public _____ (be)required not to leave things about in the park now. (3).The committee_____(divide) in opinion about the matter at present . (4).The committee _____(meet) once a month. (5).The whole school _____(be) talking about that. (6).The school_____(be)not so big as that one. (7). The audience_____(be)made up of very young children during the last concert. (8). All the audience _____(be) thrilled by the film yesterday . (9). One third of the population here ____(be) workers. (10). The population of the earth ____(be)increasing very fast. Key : (1) is (2) are (3) are divided (4) meets (5) are (6) is (7) was (8) were (9) are (10) is 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/7396f6d54531b90d6c85ec3a87c24028905f8500.html