九大状语从句
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九大状语从句 状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或句首 As（由于） he didn’t know much English, 从句常放在句首，说明次要的句子。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。 种类 从属连词 例 句 说 明 When I came into the room, he was when writing a letter. when指的是“当…时”。 ※I was walking along the street when(这 时) suddenly Tom patted me on the when意为“这时”或“在那时”,这时when分句一般位于句末。 shoulder . While it was raining, they went out. 时间 I stayed while he was away. while指“在某一段时间里”，状语 while ※All of us are working hard while he is “在…期间”，while引导的动从句 sleeping.( 并列连词“然而”) 作必须是持续性的。 He hurried home, looking behind as he as went.他赶快回家，边走边向后看。 as（一边...一边）引导持续性动As (随着)time goes by, I like China 作，强调主句和从句的动作同better. 时发生；“随着”。 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher. I finished my task before I went home. before译为 “在…之前, 才, 就” after He arrived after the game started. 在…之后 We waited till (until)he came back .直到 如主句动词是持续性动作，常till She didn’t stop working until eleven 用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”； o’clock .直到…才 如主句动词是瞬间动词，要用until Until he had passed out of sight, she stood 否定式not…until表示“直…there.她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的才”,从句放在句首表示强调，身影。 一般用until since Great changes have taken place in China 主句动词应为持续性的，从句 since自从1978. 动词为瞬间的。状语从句在主自从…以 句之前时一般用逗号与主句分来 开，如从句在主句之后则不必 用标点符号。 as soon as As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you. “一…就” 地点 状语 where Where there is water there is life. where与wherever意义基本相 同，但后者语气较强，多用于从句 wherever Wherever you go, you must obey the law.无 书面语。 原因 because I was late yesterday because I was ill. because用来回答why 的问题，状语 语气最强一般放在主句之后 从句Since (既然)everyone is here, let’s begin since since 表示既然或全已知的理由,our meeting. 稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放as he looked up the word in the dictionary . 原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。 for It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. for连接的是并列句。 目的 ①I shall write down your telephone 目的状语从句中常用情态动词状语 so that number so that I may not forget. ②We’ll tell you the truth so that you can may (might) can (could) ,should 从句 in order 等放在动词之前，从句往往放that judge（判断） for yourself. ③They worked harder than usual in 在主句之后，主从句之间不用order that they could finish the work 任何标点符号。注意so that和ahead of time. in order that的转换。 ,so that ①We turned up the radio, so that（结果） so that前有逗号为结果状语从结果 everyone heard the news. 句。 so ②He was so excited that he couldn’t say so…that的so后面跟形容词或状语 a word.“以致” 副词，可以与too...to或从句 so…that enough…to转换 ①He gave such important reasons that he was excused谅解. such…that的such后面跟名词，such…②It is such an interesting novel that all of 如果名词是单数就要用such a that us want to read it. /an…that还可以转换用so…It is so interesting a novel that all of us that，语气较强 want to read it. 条件 ①Difficulties are nothing if 如果we are unless从句的谓语只能用肯定状语 if not afraid of them. 式。unless和if…not同义，unless②We shall go there tomorrow unless从句 除是书面语，if…not是口语，通unless 非 it rains.= We shall go there tomorrow 常二者可以换用。 if it doesn’t rain. 条件状语从句中的谓语动词的as/so long So long as you work hard, you will as succeed.只要努力，你就会成功。 时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。 方式 Draw a cat as按照 I taught you 状语 as yesterday. Do as按照 you are told to. 此处as译为，按照或正如 从句 she is ill. as if或as though的意义和用法 She looks as if 好像as if／He acted as if (though) nothing had 基本一样。从句中可以用现在though happened. 时表示可能符合事实，也可以They treat the black boy as if (though) he 用虚拟语气。 were an animal. though ① Although (Though) he was over sixty, 让步 (yet仍) he began to learn French. 在句子中一般用了“虽然”就 不能再用“但是”（but）但可状语 although ②We were not tired though (although) 以与yet或still连用。though / 从句 we had worked all day. although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗、口语化，后者 正式多放主句的前面。 even if／I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow. even if 和even though的意思though 为“即使”多用于书面语中。 Child as he is , he knows a lot . as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用as Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the though或althoughchildren play outdoors. 引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。 no matter (who, Do it no matter what不管什么others what say. No matter how无论多么 busy he was, no matter……与 who-ever引导when,howhe studied English every day. 的让步状语从句意义基本一 …) 样，no matter……引导的从句可wh－ever Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart. 是以位于主句前或主句后。 (whatever whoeverWhoever comes, he will be welcome. …) as…as Mary is as old as my sister. 连词表示同程度级的比较，肯比 not He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does). 定句用as…as否定句可用not so/as…as as (so)…as 较 He bought fewer books than I (did). 状 than 表示不同程度之比较，主句中He runs less fast than me. 用比较级的形容词或副词。 语 The more you read, the better you understand. 意思为越…越…，通常的语序 从 the more The harder you work, the greater progress 为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在 句 …the you will make. more 比较级的形容词或副词前面。 The sooner, the better.越快越好。 句子意思明显，句子的主语和The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。 动词都可省略。 注意：时间状语从句 (1) 当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或主句中含有情态动词，这些词引导的从句要用一般现在时（主将从现） Don’t go to bed until you finish your homework. (2) when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。 一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 ① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ ②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词） ③Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 ④ The students took notes as they listened．（listen为延续性动词） 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 ①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生） ②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生） 2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 ①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词） ②When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词） 3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。 ① As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之意） ③As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer． ④The little girls sang as they went．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 ⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying． 4．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 ①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it． ②When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this． （3）since 引导的从句一般用过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have learnt English since I was 4 . 目的状语和结果状语 (1)目的状语从句引导词：so that. in order that从句中常用情态动词。 ★so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, mightwould等。 2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句) (2)结果状语从句引导词：so...that,such...that. (3)so与such的区别 ①so+形+a/an+名单=such+a/an+形+名单 ②so+many/much/few/little+形+名(只能用so, 不用such) 例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you. ③such+形+不可数名词/可数名词复数 (4)so...that与too...to和...enough to间转换 The apple is so dear that I can’t buy it.=The apple is too dear for me to buy.=The apple isn’t cheap enough for me to buy. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/745b3cc668ec0975f46527d3240c844769eaa03c.html