现在完成时态: 构成: 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。 否定式: 主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。 一般疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 一、现在完成时态用法一： 动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，可能还会继续。（如图） ●———————————— 现在 该用法中常用词：for, since, how long. 例如：for后跟时间段，since 后跟过去时间点或者是过去时态的句子。 How long have you learned English? I have learned English for ten years. I have learned English since ten years ago. 注意：此用法中还要注意，因为要表示动作一直延续到现在，所以主句中的动词要选择表延续性的动词。例如： He has been dead for ten years.（be dead是die的延续性词） He has been away for two hours. (be away是leave的延续性词) 常见瞬间动词与延续动词的转换： come / go / arrive/ get to/reach -- be in s.p. leave – be away buy – have die – be dead borrow – keep join sth.– be in sth. come back – be back begin to do sth – do sth ( begin to work – work ) begin - be on become sth. – be sth. 二、现在完成时用法二： 表示过去某个动作发生过，对现在造成影响。(如图) ●…………………………现在 此用法中常用词有：already, yet, just, before, lately, recently, ever/never, so far。 (注意：already, just常用于肯定，yet 常用于疑问和否定，其他词都可以。)例如： He has already come back. He has just come back. He hasn't come back yet. Have you ever read this novel? Have you heard from him recently? 注意： 此用法中的动词多表示瞬间性动词，也有延续性动词出现，但是要正确理解其含义。例如： He has died. 他已经去世。 He has been dead. 他去世过。 He has married. 他已婚。 He has been married. 他结过婚。 三、现在完成时态用法三：表示动词重复到现在，可能还会继续。（如图） ● ● ● ● ● ● 现在 此用法中常用词有：数词，次数（once, twice…）。例如： I have made five phone calls today. I have been to Beijing three times. He has read the book twice. 注意： 区别 have been to sp. 和 have gone to sp. have been to sp. 表示去过某地已回来；have gone to sp. 表示去某地了，还未回。 现在完成进行时态： 构成： 主语+ have/ has + been doing 否定： 主语+ have / has + not + been doing 一般疑问：Have / Has + 主语 + been doing 简略回答： Yes, 主语 + have/ has. No, 主语 + haven’t/ hasn’t. (此时态可以换成现在完成时态，相当于现在完成时态中的第一种用法。) 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/7669d811a21614791711285f.html