2011年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（语言学）真题试卷 (总分50,考试时间90分钟) 1. 填空题 1. Language enables its speakers to refer to all kinds of things, which are either present or absent; either existing at present, in the past or in the future; either real or unreal. This quality is called______. 2. ______refers to a sound produced with the obstruction of the air stream caused by two lips, such as in the production of[p]. 3. In Chomsky"s view, language is a kind of innate endowment with which children are born. This endowment is called ______. 4. In the word "suitable" , -able is a______morpheme rather than an inflectional one. 5. ______refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word. 2. 判断题 1. Ferdinand de Saussure was a Swiss linguist, and he is called the father of linguistics. A. True B. False 2. The smallest units that affect meaning are morphemes. A. True B. False 3. According to the notions of construction and constituent, the largest construction in a language is sentence. A. True B. False 4. When varieties of language are classified in respect of their users, they are called registers. A. True B. False 5. Language variation is diachronic while language change is synchronic. A. True B. False 3. 单项选择题 1. The morpheme "vision" in the word "television" is a(n)______. A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme 2. There are generally three kinds of sense relations recognized, namely, sameness relation, oppositeness relation and ______ relation. A. exclusiveness B. conclusiveness C. inclusiveness D. deduction 3. The word "laze" is an example of______in word formation. A. acronym B. blending C. functional shift D. back formation 4. A grammar which consists of a set of statements or rules which specify which sequences of language are possible, and which impossible, is a ______ grammar. A. systemic B. descriptive C. generative D. functional 5. Speech act theory was first proposed by ______. A. Jane Austin B. John Searle C. John Austin D. John Firth 4. 简答题 1. What are the four basic requirements for the description of vowels? 2. In what aspects are the concepts root and stem different? Use examples to elaborate your points. 3. Tell whether each of the underlined part is endocentric or exocentric.(1)The problemunder consideration.(2)I sawa bridge damaged beyond repair.(3)Hekicked the ball.(4)Andylooked excited. 4. Correctly classify the following pairs of antonyms into different types of antonymy.(1)parent—offspring;(2)teach—learn;(3)rude—polite;(4)false—true 5. What are the two versions of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? What do they mean? 6. Please list some differences between Langue and Parole. 7. What are the three criteria linguists use to group allophones into phonemes? 8. What are the differences between syntagmatic relations and paradigmatic relations? Please use examples to illustrate them. 9. Based on the Cooperative Principle, analyze the implicature of the utterance "Well, boys are boys" and discuss the reasoning process of the implicature. 10. Please use notions of "deep structure" and "surface structure" to analyze the ambiguity of the sentence Flying planes can be dangerous. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/a01b9df60142a8956bec0975f46527d3240ca617.html