动词的过去式

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动词原形变第三人称单数的规则

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如: stopstops [s]停止 ; makemakes [s] 制造 readreads [z] 阅读; playplays [z] 玩耍

2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”[iz] 如: flyflies [z]飞; carrycarries [z] 携带

studystudies [z]学习; worryworries担心

3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如: teachteaches [iz]; watchwatches [iz] 观看 4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如: gogoes [z] dodoes [z]

下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。 如: 1do [du:]does [dz] 2say [sei]says [sez]

以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s][z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音, 与所加“s” 一起读做[iz] 如: closecloses [iz]

be动词包括:am is are。第三人称单数用 is 过去式为 was;复数用are,过去式为were.

work ------ working sleep ------ sleeping cook ------- cooking 动词现在分词构成规则

.直接在动词后面加-ing

1. do-doing 2. stand-standing 3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉 4. eat-eating 5. sing-singing 6. drink-drinking 7. read-reading 8. look-looking 9. walk-walking 散步 10. watch-watching 11. draw-drawing 12. fly-flying 13. open-opening 打开14. jump-jumping 15. do-doing 16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 18. play-playing 19. garden-gardening 做园艺工作

20. talk-talking 说话 21. cook-cooking 烹饪 22. see-seeing 看见 23. learn-earning 学习 24. catch-catching 抓住 25. climb-climbing 26. count-counting 数数 27. clean-cleaning 打扫 28. fish-fishing 钓鱼 .动词变现在分词

以不发音的e 结尾的去e -ing

1. come coming 2. dance - dancing 跳舞 3. close - closing 4. make making 制造 5. ride riding 6. write - writing 7. take - taking 拿走

8. phone - phoning 打电话 9.dance-dancing跳舞 9. move moving 移动 10. have having 11.leave-leaving 12.wake-waking .动词变现在分词

重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing

1. sit- sitting 2. hop - hopping 单脚跳 3. swim- swimming 游泳 4. run - running 5. cut cutting 6 . put putting 7get-getting 得到 8.shop-shopping 购物 9.skip-skipping 跳绳 10.begin-beginning 开始 11.forget-forgetting 忘记 12.stop-stopping 停止 13.travel-travelling 旅行








动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则

1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:

work ---worked工作 play---played 玩耍5----wanted 想要 act----acted 扮演 2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词, 动词词尾加 -d,如:

live---lived居住 move----moved移动 taste---tasted品尝 hope---hoped 希望 3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

study---studied学习 copy---copied 复制 cry---cried 哭喊 carry---carried 携带

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stop ---stopped 停止 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆

go went make made制造 get got到达 buy bought购买 come - came 来到 fly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如 beginbegan开始,drinkdrank喝,givegave付出给,ringrang包围, singsang唱,sitsat坐,swimswam游泳

2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drivedrove驾驶,riderode骑,writewrote

3.改动词原形中的aw owew,变成过去式。如:

drawdrew画,growgrew生长,knowknew知道,throwthrew仍(动词show除外,showshowed展示) 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: getgot得到,forgetforgot 忘记 5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:feedfed送给,meetmet遇见

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keepkept保持,sleepslept睡觉,sweepswept 打扫 7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: breakbroke打破,speakspoke 说话 8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sellsold卖,telltold 告诉

9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: standstood站立,understandunderstood 明白 10.以oughtaught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:

bringbrought拿来,buy bought买,thinkthought想,catchcaught捕捉,teachtaught 11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: cancould shallshould应该,willwould 将要

12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如: comecame来,becomebecame成为 13.在动词原形后加dt变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hearhi heardh :d〕听, sayseisaidsed〕说,meanmi:nmeantment〕想要 14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

letlet阻碍,mustmust必须,putput放置,readreadred〕阅读 15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: amiswas是,arewere是,buildbuilt建立,dodid做,eatate吃,fallfell砍伐,feelfelt感觉,findfound找到,flyflew飞,gowent去,have has had有,holdheld保持,leaveleft离开, makemade制造,maymight可能,runran跑,seesaw看,taketook拿走 过去式“-ed”的发音规则

1)动词词尾为“td”时,发/ id /音,

want wanted (要)need needed (需要) 2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音。

help helped (帮助)laugh laughed (笑)look looked (看) kiss kissed (吻)wash washed (洗) watch watched (注视) 3)动词词尾为td以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音。 call called (叫)staystayed (停留)crycried (哭)




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