把握语言规律，学习地道英文：动词--ing形式短语做结果状语 动词V-ing短语做状语是英文中典型句型，它不仅体现了英语语言严格的逻辑性，还体现了运用非谓语动词进行表达使句子更简洁。 下面就以高中英语必修四Unit3 "A taste of humor"课文中的一句话"Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off."为例, 来谈谈动词--ing形式短语做结果状语这一语言规律。 一、句型解读 Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off. 根据句意，我们可以把本句话改写成：1） Unfortunately, his father died，and it left the family even worse off. 或2） Unfortunately, his father died, which left the family even worse off. 事实上，把使动词leave略去，也可以说成， Unfortunately, his father died, so the family was even worse off. 但，无论如何，都不如“Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off.” 这句话，借助非谓语动词来得简洁。更多例句如下： 1. Even his sense of humour seemed to have deserted him, leaving him in an angry mood. 2. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. 3. More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 这些非谓语动词短语都可以转化成which引导的非限制性定语从句。 二、thus或thereby的使用 有时候，为了更明确地表达前后两部分的这种因果逻辑关系，常常在V-ing短语前加上一个副词“thus”或者“thereby”. 1. More and more women are continuing to work after marriage, thus remaining financially independent of their husbands. 2. Recently we have employed a new technique in the production, thus reducing the cost. They diluted the drug, thus reducing its effectiveness. 3. We can control the light that reaches the plant, thus controling the plant's growth. The animals may lose their territory, thereby reducing its chances of survival. 以上这些例句都转化成and连接的并列句或者which引导的非限制性定语从句。 三、注意以下两点比较： 1. 类似于这种句型结构，却前后两部分的逻辑关系发生了错位，而使得V--ing形式发生了改变。如： It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 本句话的后半部分是表示原因，而不是结果，所以attract这一动作发生在前，就是用了非谓语动词的完成式形式。 2、和动词“to do”不定时短语做结果状语的比较 V--ing短语作结果状语常表示“意料之内、情理之中”；而 only to do 用作结果状语,表示与原来相像相反的或意想不到的结果，通常都是令人失望的结果。意为“不料…”、“反而…”、“结果却…”。 1）For more than two hous we waited oputside for the decision, only to be told to come again They lifted a rock only to have it drop on their own feet. 2）Many young people felt life was not worth living after a broken love affair, only to discover a few years later that happiness was waiting after all. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/ba37100e332b3169a45177232f60ddccdb38e663.html