A level AP IB 经济学 Economics 历年Essay真题完美打印Chapter 1 essay(学生练习版)
说明：文章内容仅供预览，部分内容可能不全。下载后的文档，内容与下面显示的完全一致。下载之前请确认下面内容是否您想要的，是否完整无缺。
第一章essay题型分类 一、资源配置与经济体系 1. Outline the functions of the factor enterprise in a modern economy, and explain how enterprise responds to a rise in the demand for a good. [8] 2. Explain the role of profit in an economy where the price mechanism operates to allocate resources. [8] 3. Explain the different ways in which resources are allocated in a market economy and in a mixed economy. [8] s18-22 4. Discuss the way in which resources are allocated in planned economies and free market economies. Consider which type of economic system is likely to have the more beneficial outcome. [12] w17-22 5. Discuss whether resources are more effectively allocated in a planned economy or in a market economy. 6. Discuss whether decision-making is more effective when undertaken by governments in a planned economy rather than by individuals in a free market economy. [12] (m18-22) 7. Discuss what the most significant issues of transition are that a country will face as it moves from a planned economy to a mixed economy. s19-21 题目关键词：enterprise / profit / resource allocation / market economy / price mechanism 答题要点：enterprise → profit → demand curve and supply curve 尽量画图（① 横纵坐标准确；② 对图表进行解释 as is shown in the diagram. / This can be expressed using demand curve / PPC diagram. 二、生产可能性曲线 1. Show how a production possibility curve can be used to explain scarcity, choice and opportunity cost. （8） 2. Show the difference between a movement along, and a shift in, a production possibility curve. Explain what might cause each to occur. Use diagrams to support your answer. [8] 3. Explain, with the help of diagrams, how (i) constant and (ii) increasing opportunity costs determine the shape of an economy’s production possibility curve. 8 4. Explain how governments face increasing opportunity cost in their decision-making. Use a production possibility curve diagram to support your answer. [8] 5. Discuss whether enterprise is crucial to the outward shift of the production possibility curve in a mixed economy. 12 w18-21 6. Use production possibility curves to explain the different impact on an economy of a rise in the unemployment rate and an increase in the working population. [8] w17-21 7. Explain how a production possibility curve with increasing opportunity costs illustrates the consequences of a government’s choice to produce more military goods. Use a diagram to support your answer. 8. （a）Explain with the help of a diagram why production possibility curves are usually drawn with increasing opportunity costs, and show how they can be used to illustrate scarcity. [8] (b) Discuss whether it is likely that economies that have an increase in labour and a high rate of technological innovation will come nearer to solving the economic problem. w16-23 PPC考点： ①点在线上，线外，线内分别代表的意义； ② shift and movement（原因，注意planned, mixed, market economy分类讨论） ③ constant opportunity cost and increasing opportunity cost（尤其注意increase的原因） PPC解题：只要题目中出现PPC，那么一定能够联系到某个知识点，先回答基本知识点，再结合题目。 图表要求：① 横纵坐标准确；② 对图表进行解释 as is shown in the diagram. / This can be expressed using demand curve / PPC diagram. 三、商品分类 1. Using examples, explain why merit goods are said to be under-consumed and demerit goods 2. Explain why both merit goods and demerit goods are examples of private goods. [8] (b) Discuss whether merit goods and demerit goods are best provided by a market economy. [12] s18-21 3. Explain the features of a public good. Consider whether a motorway (highway) provides an example of a public good. 8 w18-22 4. Using examples, explain why some goods cannot be provided as private goods. [8] w18-23 5. Explain the difference between public goods and private goods. Consider why profit can be made through the supply of one type of good, but not the other. [8] m17-22 6. Using examples, explain the difference between a merit good and a public good. Explain why a profit can be made from the provision of one of these types of good, but not the other. [8] s17-21 7. (a) Explain the role of the factor enterprise in allocating resources in a market economy when there is an increase in the demand for a good. Use a diagram to support your answer. [8] (b) Discuss two methods of increasing the provision of merit goods in a mixed economy. Consider which is more likely to be effective. 8. (a)Use examples to illustrate the difference between private goods and public goods, and explain why only private goods will be supplied in a free market economy. [8] (b) ‘The factor enterprise and the free working of the price mechanism always ensure a satisfactory outcome for consumers even when imperfect information exists.’ 9. Discuss why some goods and services are provided by private enterprise and others are provided by the government in a mixed economy. s16-21 商品分类考点： ① merit goods, demerit goods定义，政府参与的原因； ② public goods, private goods特点，政府的参与 10. Explain the characteristics that money needs to have in order to perform its functions effectively. s18-21 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/d0528322b2717fd5360cba1aa8114431b80d8e61.html