一、Interpretations 1.a level surface 水平面 2.a horizontal plane 一个水平面 3.surveying 测量学 4.spirit leveling 直接水平 5.DS3 Levels DS3水准仪 6.J6 theodolite J6经纬仪 7.traversing 导线测量 8.control surveying 控制测量 9.topographic surveying 地形测量 10.topographic map 地形图 11.photogrammetry 摄影测量 12.remote sensing 遥感 13.map地图 14.the global positioning system 全球定位系统 15.the geographic information system地理信息系统 二、Translation 1.A vertical line in the direction toward the center of the earth is to be said in the direction of the nadir. A vertical line in the direction away from the center of the earth and above observer’s head is said to directed toward the zenith. 翻译：一条铅垂线的方向朝向地心被称为朝向天底方向。一条铅垂线的方向远 离地心并超过观测者头部被称为朝向天顶方向。 2.The more general case occurs when the two points to be compared are in such situations as they are far apart or there are some obstacles to them. So it is impossible to set up the level only once to determine the result. 翻译：大多数情况下当两点在远距离的情况下对比的时候他们之间就会存在一 些障碍。所以这不是只建立一次水平就能确定结果的。 3.Theodolits used to be available with which angels can be read to the nearest 30,20,15 and even 10 seconds. But now it is common to have the precision got to one second. Some European theodolites are even to 0.2 seconds. 翻译：经纬仪以前的角度读数可以精确到30秒，20秒，15秒甚至10秒。但 是现在的精度一般可以达到1秒。一些欧洲的经纬仪甚至可以达到0.2秒。 4.No part of the operation of surveying is greater important than the field note. The work of a surveyor is reflected by the character of the notes recorded in the field. These notes should constitute a permament record of the survey in such form that can be interpreted easily by anyone having a knowledge of surveying. 翻译：在测量工作当中再也没比野外记录更重要的了，测量员的工作记录可以 反射出测量领域的工作特点。这些工作记录需要建立一个测量永久档案，以至于 其他测量领域的工作人员可以很容易的理解。 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/e21a9c5b64ce0508763231126edb6f1afe00711e.html