中考英语不规则动词变化表,2017中考英语常用不规则动词三大记忆法

副标题:2017中考英语常用不规则动词三大记忆法

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★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
  一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
  cost—cost—cost
  cut—cut—cut
  hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
  let—let—let
  put—put—put
  read—read—read
  set—set—set
  shut—shut—shut
  二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
  1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)
  bring—brought—brought
  buy—bought—bought
  think—thought—thought
  2.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
  build—built—built
  lend—lent—lent
  send—sent—sent
  spend—spent—spent
  3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)
  catch—caught—caught
  teach—taught—taught
  4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
  keep—kept—kept
  sleep—slept—slept
  sweep—swept—swept
  5.把-ell变为-old。(2个)
  tell—told—told
  sell—sold—sold
  6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
  smell—smelt—smelt
  spell—spelt—spelt
  feel—felt—felt
  spill—spilt—spilt
  7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
  learn—learnt—learnt
  mean—meant—meant
  spoil—spoilt—spoilt
  8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
  say—said—said
  pay—paid—paid
  lay—laid—laid
  hear—heard—heard
  9.改变元音字母。(11个)
  meet—met—met
  get—got—got
  sit—sat—sat
  find—found—found
  hold—held—held
  spit—spat—spat
  shine—shone—shone
  win—won—won
  hang—hung—hung
  dig—dug—dug
  lose—lost—lost
  10.改变辅音字母。(1个)
  make—made—made
  11.改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
  leave—left—left
  stand—stood—stood
  have(has)—had—had
  understand—understood—understood
  三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
  1.i—a—u变化。(6个)
  begin—began—begun
  drink—drank—drunk
  sing—sang—sung
  ring—rang—rung
  swim—swam—swum
  sink—sank—sunk
  2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
  blow—blew—blown
  draw—drew—drawn
  grow—grew—grown
  know—knew—known
  throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
  3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
  drive—drove—driven
  write—wrote—written
  ride—rode—ridden
  rise—rose—risen
  4.过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
  break—broke—broken
  choose—chose—chosen
  freeze—froze—frozen
  speak—spoke—spoken
  wake—woke—woken
  5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
  forget—forgot—forgotten
  6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
  be—was(were)—been
  eat—ate—eaten
  fall—fell—fallen
  give—gave—given
  see—saw—seen
  hide—hid—hidden(hid)
  7.词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
  take—took—taken
  mistake—mistook—mistaken
  8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
  do—did—done
  fly—flew—flown
  go—went—gone
  lie—lay—lain
  show—showed—shown
  wear—wore—worn
  四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
  beat—beat—beaten
  五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
  come—came—come
  become—became—become
  run—ran—run
  六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
  can—could
  may—might
  will—would
  shall—should
  ★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
  一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
  cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
  (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
  二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
  beat/beat/beaten
  三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
  come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
  (come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed)
  四、过去式,过去分词相同:
  (1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
  meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
  (2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
  feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
  keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
  (3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
  spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
  (4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
  catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
  buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
  (5)将stand改为stood
  stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
  (6)将ay改为aid
  lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
  (7)将d改为t
  lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
  spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
  (8)将i改为a,o,u等
  sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
  dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
  (9)将ell改为old
  tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
  (10)词尾加t
  learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
  dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
  (11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的:
  learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
  shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
  hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
  smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
  burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
  light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
  (12)其它
  have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
  shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
  hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
  find/found/foundmake/made/made
  leave/left/left
  五、三者均不同:
  (1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
  blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
  grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
  throw/threw/thrown
  值得注意的是:
  show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
  (2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
  begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
  ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
  swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
  (3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
  drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
  rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
  (4)原形后加n变成过去分词
  drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
  give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
  (5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
  break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
  freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
  steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
  take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
  (6)其它
  be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
  go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
  wear/wore/worn
  六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
  wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
  七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
  shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
  shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
  hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
  八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
  lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
  lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
  find找到、发现find/found/found
  found创建,成立found/founded/founded
  九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
  (一)词义相对:
  (1)come/came/come来——go/went/gone去
  (2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
  (3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
  或wake/waked/waked醒来
  (4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
  (5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold/sold出售,卖
  (6)take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought带来
  (7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
  或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
  (8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到
  win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
  (9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
  (10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到
  (二)词义相近:
  (1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜
  (2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
  know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
  (3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
  become/became/become变成,成为,变得
  go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
  (4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
  pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
  cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
  take/took/taken花费
  (5)say/said/said说、讲
  speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
  tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
  talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论
  ★记忆法三:
  1.无变化,过去式与原形相同。
  let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
  (shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
  2.元音字母的变化。
  i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
  i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
  (strive→strovearise→arose)
  i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
  a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
  e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
  o→a:come→came,become→became
  oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
  3.元音字母组合的变化。
  aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
  4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
  (1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
  (2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
  (3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
  (4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
  (5)catch→caught,teach→taught
  (6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
  5.辅音字母变化。
  (1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
  (2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
  (3)mean→meant,learn→learnt

2017中考英语常用不规则动词三大记忆法.doc

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