complete perfect
虽然都有“完全的”含义,但并非同义词,在许多情况下它们只是词义相近而已。
complete 的含义是“完整无缺的”、“圆满的”
He is a complete stranger to me.
我一点也不认识他。(可以和perfect 换用)
Before long,the noise dropped completely.
不久,那轰鸣声就完全消失了。
perfect 不仅可表示“完整无缺”、“完全”或“纯粹”,而且含有“完美无缺”、“匀称”或“健全”的含义,总之它可以表示“尽善尽美”。由上可见,perfect 可以表示complete的含义,而complete只能表示perfect的一部分含义。 但是a complete stranger和a perfect stranger没有什么差异,complete happiness 和perfect happiness都表示了“美满的幸福”。
But as they soon discovered,disguises can sometimes be too perfect.
正象他们不久就发现的那样,化装效果有时可能太完美无缺了。
It is a perfect alibi.
这完全是在开脱罪责。
It's a perfect stranger here.
我在这里完全是个陌生人。(可以换用complete)
注:perfect 的同义词有 whole,entire;complete的同义词有full,plenary.
End emphasizes finality:
End 强调结果:
We ended the meal with fruit and cheese.
我们最后吃的是水果和奶酪。
“Where laws end,tyranny begins” (William Pitt)。
“哪里没有法制,*就从哪里开始”(威廉姆。皮特)。
Finish is sometimes interchangeable with complete:
Finish有时可与complete互换。
close shut
close 比较普通,有时可以和shut互换使用,但它更强调“不让某人或某物进入或通过”的意思,有时有“不接纳”的意思,但通常表示“关闭”这一动作
It's Sunday,so all the shops are closed.
今天是星期天,所以这些店铺都关门了。
I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again.
我肯定没有办法再把箱子关上了。
shut与close 的含义差别在于,shut仅表示“关闭”之状态,不包含“不让进入”或“不接纳”的意思。
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside,he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
它一旦从外面把门打开,便走进园子里等着关门。
在某些习语中,只有shut而不用close.
Shut up!
住口!
He found every road to the accomplishment of his desire shut against him.
他发现通向实现自己愿望的所有道路都被堵死了。
He shut his eyes to the severs reality.
对于这严峻的现实,他是闭着眼睛不肯看的。
2017年成人高考专升本《英语》同义词辨析(5).doc