2018年考研英语翻译-2018年考博英语翻译英译汉小技巧级练习【五篇】

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【翻译英译汉10个小技巧】

　　(一) 同义反译法

　　1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

　　酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。

　　(不译：“还留着”或“还呆在那里”)

　　2. I'll be here for good this time.

　　这一次我再也不走了。

　　(不译：“永远在此呆下去”)

　　3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.

　　我不在家的时候，别让炉子灭了。

　　(不译：“我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着”)

　　4. “Wait, he is serious.”

　　等等，他不是说着玩儿的。

　　(不译：“等等，他是认真的。”)

　　5. “Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!”

　　听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。

　　(不译：“……对这孩子要坚定”)

　　(二) 删减解释词

　　The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

　　到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，一定会注意到她们十之八九都有那种独特的优雅风度、那种温柔的声音和文静的举止。

　　(三) 短句拆译

　　“ …on one sunshiny morning in June , …”

　　在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗……

　　(四) 译词推陈出新

　　When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocality, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.

　　原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。

　　改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。

　　(五) 解释性添词

　　“George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon,” said Mrs. Bagnet.

　　“乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。我早知道你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走”，贝格纳特太太说道。

　　(六) 词无定译

　　It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditi.

　　我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行过一次巨大的诈骗。

　　(七) 精炼译词

　　A new dignity crept into his walk.

　　原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。

　　改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。

　　(八) 删削“When”字

　　1. When he saw me, he was startled.

　　他看见我，吓了一大跳。

　　(不译：当他看见我的时候……)

　　2. “When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?”

　　“你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有什么用呢?”

　　(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子……)

　　(九) 感叹词的不同译法

　　1. “O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!”

　　“Why, Eva, your room is full now.”

　　“妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗ ”

　　“得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。”

　　2. “Well, that's odd!” said Marie. “What in the world do you want that for?”

　　“哟，真是怪事﹗”玛利说，“你干嘛非要这个不可?”

　　(十) 顺拆法

　　His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelatihip between economic, social and demographic factors.

　　原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。

　　改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，认为该基金会应继续努力， 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。

【第一篇：中国式礼仪】

　　Every culture has its rules on how to act，and Chinais no different. In China,to greet someone, you nodyour head，or you bow slightly. Handshakes arealso common, but you should wait for your Chinesepartner to initiate the motion. In addition，asopposed to those found in Western society，Chinese people do not enjoy being touched bystrangers. Don’t touch someone unless you absolutely have to.Finally, from the perspectiveof Confucianism, the elders are to be respected in every situation by those who are younger.You should always acknowledge the elders first,and show the most respect to them.　　

　　参考翻译

　　每种文化都有自己的行为准则，中国也不例外。在中国，跟别人打招呼时，你或者点个头，或者微微鞠个躬。握手也很常见，但你要等到中国朋友先伸手才可以。另外，与西方社会的做法截然相反，中国人不太喜欢被陌生人触碰。所以不 要轻易地触碰别人，除非你完全有这样的必要。最后一点，根据儒家思想 (Confiicianism)的观点，老人在任何情况下都应该受到年轻人的尊敬。你应该总是以老人为先，并对他们表本的敬意。

　　1.行为准则：有多种译法，如rules on how to act, rulesof conduct或standard of behavior。

　　2.中国也不例外：可译为China is no different或China isno exception。

　　3.打招呼:即greet。

　　4.截然相反：可译为as opposed to。

　　5.在任何情况下：可使用短语in every situation表达。

　　6.以老人为先：可译为acknowledge the elders first。

【第二篇：房产税】

　　A report released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on July 6  advised the government to collect real estate taxes to cool the bustling property markets in first-tier and second-tier cities. But this proposal faced a backlash, as China’s land is owned by the State, and a real estate tax will have little effect upon the market, said China Daily. Shanghai and Chongqing have both been collecting real estate taxes for more than five years, and still, they have failed to stabilize property prices.

　　7月6日，中国社科院发布《中国住房发展(2016中期)报告》，该《报告》建议政府对一二线城市收取房产税，为当前房地产市场降温。据《中国日报》报道，这一提议遭到了反对，因为中国的土地为国家所有，房产税对市场的影响不大。上海和重庆收取房产税已经五年多了，但仍没能稳定住房价。

　　马上学：常用的关于税收的表达有：Levy/impose taxes “征税”和 dodge/evade taxes“逃税”。

【第三篇：北京烤鸭】

　　According to a Chinese saying, no visit to Beijing is complete if you miss seeing the Great Wall or diningon Beijing Roast Duck. As a famous and deliciousfood with a very long history, Beijing Roast Duck isan excellent choice if you want to know more aboutChinese cuisine,culture and customs. The two most famous restaurants that serve BeijingRoast Duck are Bianyifang Roast Duck Restaurant and Quanjude Roast Duck Restaurant. Bothhave a history of over one hundred years.The way to really enjoy the Roast Duck is as follows:first take one piece of the small,thin pancakes provided, spread it with sweet bean sauce,addsmall slices of spring onions and then some pieces of duck. Finally roll up the pancake and takea bite.You will be surprised by the terrific taste!

　　参考翻译：

　　中国有句说法:不去长城看一看或没有品尝北京烤鸭(BeijingRoast Duck)都不算来过北京。如果你想更多地了解中国菜系、文化和习俗，北京烤鸭作为的、拥有悠久历史的美食是的选择。供应烤鸭的两大最的餐厅是便宜坊 (Bianyifang Roast Duck Restaurant)和全聚德。这两家餐厅都有100多年的历史了。 品尝烤鸭的真正方式是这样的:首先拿起一片小薄饼，抹上甜面酱(sweet beansauce),加点葱段，再加几片鸭肉，最后将饼卷起来，咬上一口。你会为这种美味而感到惊奇的。

　　1.中国有句说法:可译为According to a Chinese saying或There is a saying in China。

　　2.不算来过北京:可理解为“游玩北京不完整”，故可译为novisit to Beijing is complete。

　　3.的选择:可译为an excellent choice。

　　4.卷起来:可译为rollup。

　　5.咬上一口:译为take a bite。

【第四篇：中国“红”】

　　When we talk about “Chinese New Year' what occurs to your mind first? They are red lanterns, red couplets, red firecrackers and red Chinese knots. Indeed,red is an indispensable color for Chinese people.Chinese red means peace, joy, harmony，and reunion; it also means everything goes well and it can drive away illness and disaster. Someone describes Chinese red in this way: Chinese red absorbs the most dynamic element of the rising sun; it picks the most beautiful and charming light of sunset glow;it embodies the thickest and most active ingredient of blood;it contains the most delicate emotions of jequirity;and it shapes the most:mature imagery of maple leaves in late autumn.

　　参考翻译：

　　当我们提到“过年”的时候，你脑子里首先想到的是什么?有红灯笼、红对联 (couplets)、红爆竹和红色的中国结。的确，红色对于中国人是不可或缺的一种颜色。中国红意味着平安、喜庆、和谐、团圆，意味着事事顺利、祛病除灾。有人这么形容中国红:中国红吸纳了朝阳最富生命力的元素，采撷了晚霞最绚丽迷人的光芒，凝聚着血液最浓稠活跃的成分，融人了相思豆(jequirity)最细腻的情感，浸染了枫叶最成熟的晚秋意象。

　　1.脑子里首先想到的是什么：可译为what occurs toone's mind first?或what comes to one's mind first?

　　2.的确：可译为indeed，表示强调。

　　3.事事顺利：可译为everything goes well。

　　4.祛病除灾：这里面的“驱”和“除”表达同样的含义，可用drive away表达，故此 处可译为 drive away illness anddisaster。

　　5.吸纳了朝阳最富生命力的元素:“吸纳”即absorb,“朝阳”即“升起的太阳”， 译为the rising sun，“富有生命力的元素”可译为dynamic element。

　　6.采撷了晚霞最绚丽迷人的光芒:“采撷”可译为pick，“绚丽迷人的光芒”可译为beautiful and charminglight，“晚霞”可译为sunset glow。

　　7.凝聚：可译为gather，但此处的“凝聚”有“包含，使集于一体”的意味，译为embody更合适。

　　8.融入:此处有“包含”的意味，可译为contain。

　　9.最细腻的情感:可译为the most delicate emotions。

　　10.浸染了枫叶最成熟的晚秋意象：可以理解为“(中国红)塑造了晚秋时节枫叶最成熟的意象”，故可译为 itshapes the most mature imagery of maple leaves in late autumn。其中，shape意为“塑造”，imagery意为“意象”。

【第五篇：文学艺术】

　　The ideal of country life reflected by the art and literature is the important feature of Chineseculture, which is, to a large degree, attributed to the feelings to the nature from Taoist. Thereare two most popular topics in the traditional Chinese painting. One is the various scenes ofhappiness about family life, in which the old man often plays chess and drinks tea, with the manin the harvest, woman in weaving, children playing out of doors. The other scene is all kinds ofpleasures about country life, in which the fisherman is fishing on the lake, with the farmercutting wood and gathering herbs in the mountains and the scholar chanting poetry andpainting pictures sitting under the pine trees. The two themes can represent the life ideal ofConfucianism and Taoism.

    参考翻译：

　　反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。

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