【#新概念英语# 导语】《新概念英语》作为一套世界闻名的英语教程，以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课文内容和全面的技能训练，深受广大英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。®文档大全网新概念英语频道为你准备了新概念英语第二册语法锦集，希望为同学们的英语学习提供帮助!
【一般现在时】
1.构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 (1)直接加“s”，works，takes (2)以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es” carry → carries (3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es” goes dresses watches brushes 2.功能： (1)表现在的事实、状态或动作： eg: ►. Birds fly. ►. She loves music. ►. Mary's parents get up very early. (2)表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用。 eg: ►. I always take a walk after supper. ►. She writes to me very often. ►. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally. (3)表客观真理，格言警句或事实： ►. The earth moves round the sun. ►. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. ►. Two and two makes four. ►. No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。 (4)表将来： A.在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless， so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。 (黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它!) 例如： ►. I'll tell her when shecomes tomorrow. ►. Even ifit rains this afternoon, I'll meet you. ►. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. (不错的句型，背下!!) ►. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.(很感人的句型!) B.按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。 ►. The play begins at 6:30 this evening. ►. When does the plane take off? ►. He leaves for that city next week. ►. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning. (按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上 7 点出发。)
【分词】
1.分词的性质：
具有形容词性质，可以在句中担任表语、定语、宾补、状语，现在分词表示主动，且动作在进行：过去分词表示被动，或动作已完成。
2.分词的形式：
例： write (vt) rise (vi)
主动语态 被动语态 主动 过去分词
时态
现在时 writing being written rising risen /
完成时 having written having been written having risen /
3.分词的用法：
(1)定语 分词置于被修饰名词前
分词短语于置于被修饰名词后
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
a running dog = a dog which is running
a broken glass = a glass which is broken
a beaten team = a team which is beaten(beaten 是被打败的意思)
This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The problem being discussed is very important.
(2)表语：The book is interesting.
He is interested in the book.
The news is exciting.
He feels excited.
(3)宾语补足语：
When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.
I'd like to havethis package weighed.
掌握精髓：动词不定式作宾语表示动作的全过程，而现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示被动概念。
(4)状语：(以下例句值得一背!)
① If you turn to the left, you'll find the station.
→ Turning to the left, you'll find the station.
② As I didn't receive her letter, I called her up by telephone.
→ Not receiving her letter, I called her up by telephone.
③ While I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
→ Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
④ When she was asked it she had any bad habit, she answeredthat she was a heavy smoker.
→ Asked if she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.
你知道吗?注意：在运用此类句型时主语前后要保持一致。
① Whenschool was over, the boys went home.
→ Being over, the boys went home. ×
School being over, the boys went home. √
② As my homework has been done, I have nothing else to do.
→ My homework having been done, I have nothing else to do.
③ Ifweather permits, I'll start tomorrow.
→ Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow.
④ I fwe judge from his face, he must be ill.
→ Judging from his face, he must be ill.(这里应该是 we judging ...，但若主语是we, one, you表示“一般人”，主语可省略)
实际上，这里涉及到独立主格结构问题，以后在作分解!
4.分词的时态：
现在分词一般时表示此动作与主句谓语动词同时发生。
现在分词完成时表示此动作在主句谓语动词之前发生。
Entering the room, hesaw he. (几乎同时)
Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. (分词动作在前)
5.语态：现在分词一般时被动表动作正在被进行，完成时被动强调分词所表示的动作先被完成。
The ships being loaded and unloaded belong to us.
Having been warned of typhoon, the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbor.(渔民先被告知而后驶向港口)
【并列句】
知识要点：
1. 并列句定义：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
2. 并列句的基本句型：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
3. 并列句的类型：
1) 并列关系(联合关系)。连接词：and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等
例句：I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他，他也帮助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphedher.
我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
Neither I would consulthim nor he would ask me for advice.
我不想与他商量，他也不会征求我的意见。
2) 转折关系。连接词：but, yet, still, while, however, when等
例句：He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.
他失败多次但并没有气馁。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.
她学习英语有困难，然后她学习努力，进步很快。
3) 选择关系。连接词：or, otherwise or else, either…or
例句：We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.
我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.
或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。
4) 因果关系。连接词：for, so, thus, therefore, and so
例句：We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我们呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.
他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。
有时也可不用连词，而用逗号，分号或冒号。如：
Hurry up, it’s getting dark.
快点，天要黑了。
Let’s start early, we have a long way to go.
我们要早动身，因为路很远。
注意：
(1) yet和still是连接副词，也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用，但不如and, but, or等强，用了yet或still，前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而还是没有赶上头班车。
(2) while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照，常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球，而我姐姐喜欢篮球。
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开，这时蛇移动了。
while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边，并有逗号和第一分句隔开。
(3) for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比较口语化。
专项训练： 1.Some are reading magazines，______ others are playing cards.
A.or B.for C.so D.while
2.We must get up early tomorrow.______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.
A.so B.or C.but D.however
3.——I don’t like chicken ______ fish.
——I don’t like chicken，______ I like fish very much.
A.and， and B.and， but C.or， and D.or， but
4.We want ______ high speed ______ good quality.
A.both， and B.either， or C.neither， nor D.not， but also
5.In spring it is ______ hot ______ cold here.
A.both， and B.either， or C.neither， nor D.not only， but
6.______ does he writes well， ______ he also speaks well.
A.Not only， but B.Not， but C.Either， or D.Both， and
7.Use your head， ______ you’ll work it out.
A.so B.or C.and D.for
8.I want to buy the jacket， ______ I have not enough money with me.
A.but B.so C.or D.for
9.______ you ______ I am going to help Tom.
A. Either， or B. Not， but C.Not only， and D.Each， and
10.The soldier was wounded， ______ he pushed on.
A.for B.and C.so D.yet
(后设答案，大家不要偷看哦～(^__^) 嘻嘻……)
KEYS：
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D
新概念英语第二册语法锦集【三篇】.doc
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