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Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

(新增)运动的年轻人智商更高

　　Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more _likely_ to go on to university， reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

　　The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took after they started serving the army. The study shows a clear link _between_ good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _ logical_ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a _role_ in the results for the IQ test,and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity_ and that your brain gets plenty of _oxygen ，” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons why_ we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular _strength_. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important. ”

　　By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been _able_ to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a _higher IQ.

　　“We have also shown that those youngsters who _improve_ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case6, physical _education_ is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

　　The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _during national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.

　　瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进人大学学习的可能性也更高。

　　研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。这项研究的取样样本是1950—1976年人伍的120万新兵。这些新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究人员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的智能测试结果之间的联系很明显。最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充足的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和哥德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师迈克尔•尼尔森如是说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。我们还发现生长因子也很重要。”

　　通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因,身体越健康，智商越高。

　　“ 我们还发现，在15 ~ 18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强哥德堡大学健康科学研究院研究员，Aby健康中心医师玛利亚•阿伯格说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体育应成为学校中重要的一门学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论学科，体育课是非常有必要的研究人员还将新兵服兵役入伍报到时的体格测试和智商测试的结果与他们后来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。那些18岁时身体健康的人学历更髙，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

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