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新概念英语第一册Lesson73~74语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
1.副词
副词(adverb)这个词的本意是补充动词的意义。这就是许多副词的作用。它们可以通过修饰动词告诉我们有关句中某个动作的情况,也就是告诉我们某事是如何、何时、何地等发生或进行的。
副词可以是单个的词(如 slowly)或词组(如 very well)。单一副词既有以-ly结尾的也有不以-ly结尾的(如 quickly, fast)。
形容词向副词的转换一般遵循3个规则:
(1)在形容词后面直接加-ly,如:
quick----quickly
hurried----hurriedly
pleasant----pleasantly
warm----warmly
(2)以-y结尾的形容词,则把-y改成-i,再加-ly,如:
thirsty----thirstily
happy----happily
(3)形容词与副词形式相同:
late----late
fast----fast
hard----hard
well----well
2.部分不规则动词的过去式形式
go----went
see----saw
understand----understood
take----took
read----read
drink----drank
run----ran
know----knew
say----said
put----put
cut----cut
eat----ate
meet----met
come----came
lose----lost
tell----told
speak----spoke
find----found
give----gave
swim----swam
have----had
词汇学习 Word study
1.lose v.
(1)迷失;(使)迷路:
She did not know London very well, and she lost her way.
她对伦敦不很熟悉,因此迷了路。
It's very easy to lose your way in a strange city.
在一个陌生的城市里,你很容易迷路。
(2)失去;丧失:
He lost his sight in a car accident.
他在一起汽车交通事故中失明了。
She has just lost her job because of carelessness.
她刚刚因疏忽大意而丢了工作。
(3)遗失;丢失:
I can't enter my house because I've lost my key on my way home.
我进不了自己的房子,因为在回家的路上我把钥匙丢了。
We lost her in the crowd.
我们在人群中找不见她了。
2.understand v.
(1)理解;懂:
He doesn't understand English and you can try French.
他不懂英语,你可以试试法语。
I don't understand what you mean.
我不明白你的意思。
(2)明了;了解;得知:
How the machine works is still not fully understood.
这台机器到底是如何运转的仍未被完全弄清楚。
Only today have I begun to understand the political
situation in Northern Ireland.
直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。
新概念英语第一册Lesson75~76语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
一般过去时与时间短语
一般过去时通常与表示确切的过去时间的短语连用。这些短语一般是 last+ 表示时间的名词、一段时间+ago等。
(1) last week/month/year/night(上星期/上个月/去年/昨夜):
Did you watch the television last night?
你昨晚看电视了吗?
(2) two minutes/hours/days/weeks/months/years ago(两分钟/小时/天/周/月/年前):
She bought the shoes two months ago.
她两个月之前买的鞋。
(3)in+ 过去某一年:
We first met him in 1980.
我们 1980年初次见到他。
(4)yesterday(昨天), yesterday evening(昨天晚上), the week before last(前一个星期), the month before last(前一个月), the year before last(前年), the day before yesterday(前天), the night before last(前天夜里):
She dusted the cupboard the day before yesterday.
她前天清扫了橱柜。
词汇学习 Word study
1.wear v.
(1)穿着;戴着;佩带着:
But women always wear uncomfortable shoes!
可是女人们总是穿不舒适的鞋子!
Look at the beautiful silk scarf she's wearing!
瞧她围着的那条漂亮的丝绸围巾!
She never wears perfume.
她从不用香水。
(2)面带;呈现;保持:
He's wearing a cheerful smile.
他面带着快活的微笑。
He wears his dignity even in great adversity.
他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。
2.uncomfortable adj.
(1)不舒服的:
She feels uncomfortable in tight boots.
她穿着紧的长统靴感到不舒服。
(2)不安的;不自在的:
You'll have an uncomfortable feeling if you sit there alone.
如果你独自一人坐在那儿,你会有种不安的感觉。
He often feels uncomfortable with strangers.
与陌生人在一起他通常感到不自在。
(3)令人不舒服的,不舒适的:
This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable.
这双鞋看上去很不舒适。
It's really an uncomfortable day!
这真是令人难受的一天!
新概念英语第一册Lesson77~78语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
否定疑问句
否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹;也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。请看下列疑问句的简略否定式:
(be:) Aren't you a student?
难道你不是学生吗?
Isn't it hot here?
这里难道不热吗?
(can:) Can't you wait a moment?
你不能等一会儿吗?
(have:) Haven't I asked you?
难道我没问过你吗?
(do:) Don't you want to stay with us?
你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗?
(did:) Didn't you see him yesterday?
难道你昨天没看见他吗?
回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的,就用 Yes;如果答语是否定的,就用No。不过,这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。如:
Don’t you know English?
你不懂英语吧?
Yes,I do.
不,我懂。
一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分,它们的词序是不同的。
完全式:
Is she not a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗?
简略式:
Isn't she a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗?
词汇学习 Word study
1. urgent adj.
(1)紧迫的;急迫的:
There's an urgent message for you.
这里有你的一个要紧的口信儿。
The children in that area are in urgent need of medical attention.
那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。
(2)催促的;坚持要求的:
The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent.
哭喊声越来越响,更加急迫。
2.appointment n.
约会;约定:
I have made an appointment with Doctor Smith on next Tuesday.
我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。
When is your lunch appointment?
你与别人共进午餐的约会定在什么时候?
Once you've made an appointment, you should try to keep it.
一旦你定好约会的事情,那么你应努力守约。
新概念英语第一册Lesson73~78语法及单词精讲.doc