2022年12月大学英语四级阅读模拟练习题

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1.2022年12月大学英语四级阅读模拟练习题

　　The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.

　　Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, America's relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.

　　Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson—Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closereye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.

　　Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign”would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such things as foreign.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. According to the passage, America's relations is being threatened because of ________.

　　A. an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies

　　B. shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies

　　C. the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.

　　D. increased efforts of other countries in public relations

　　2. London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because ________.

　　A. British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companies

　　B. British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companies

　　C. British companies are heavily involved in planning activities

　　D. four of the world’s top public relations agencies are British-owned

　　3. The word “provincial” (Line 2, Para. 3) means “________”.

　　A. limited in outlook

　　B. like people from the provinces

　　C. rigid in thinking

　　D. interested in world financial affairs

　　4. We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry ________.

　　A. speak at least one foreign language fluently

　　B. are ignorant about world geography

　　C. are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts

　　D. enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications

　　5. What PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?

　　A. American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.

　　B. The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.

　　C. People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.

　　D. People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign”.

2.2022年12月大学英语四级阅读模拟练习题

　　Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.

　　The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛)involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

　　Observers noted down the referees’errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, theywere, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was12 meters.The research shows the optimum(的)distance is about 20 meters.

　　There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.

　　He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping upwith the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to_______.

　　A. review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup

　　B. analyze the causes of errors made by football referees

　　C. set a standard for football refereeing

　　D. reexamine the rules for football refereeing

　　2. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.

　　A. slightly above average

　　B. higher than in the 1998 World Cup

　　C. quite unexpected

　　D. as high as in a standard match

　　3. The findings of the experiment show that _______.

　　A. errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

　　B. the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

　　C. the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur

　　D. errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot

　　4. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para.4) most probably refers to _______.

　　A. the researchers involved in the experiment

　　B. the inspectors of the football tournament

　　C. the referees of the football tournament

　　D. the observers at the site of the experiment

　　5. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

　　A. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

　　B. Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

　　C. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

　　D. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

3.2022年12月大学英语四级阅读模拟练习题

　　Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, thinkthe auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.

　　The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer,and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.

　　Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.

　　When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail,the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements.

　　The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.

　　A. its power source

　　B. its driving system

　　C. its monitoring system

　　D. its seating capacity

　　2. What is the author’s main concern?

　　A. How to render automobiles pollution-free.

　　B. How to make smaller and safer automobiles.

　　C. How to solve the problem of traffic jams.

　　D. How to develop an automated subway system.

　　3. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?

　　A. A rail.

　　B. An engine.

　　C. A retractable arm.

　　D. A computer controller.

　　4. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.

　　A. keep in the right lane

　　B. wait to arrive at his destination

　　C. keep in constant touch with the computer center

　　D. inform the system of his destination by phone

　　5. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of autos?

　　A. Enthusiastic.

　　B. Pessimistic.

　　C. Optimistic.

　　D. Cautious.

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