2022年12月大学英语四级翻译练习题

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1.2022年12月大学英语四级翻译练习题

  中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine )有五千多年的历史,是中国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾病的经验总结。中医将人体看成是气、形、神的统一体,以“望、闻(auscultationand olfaction)、问、切”为其独特的诊断过程。 中医使用中药、针灸(acupuncture)以及许多其他治疗手段,使人体达到阴阳调和。阴阳和五行是中医的理论基础。五行是自然界中的五种基本物质,即金、木、水、火、土。

  参考翻译:

  Traditional Chinese Medicine

  Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a longhistory of more than 5,000 years. It is a summaryof the experience of the working people over manycenturies of struggle against diseases. TCM considershuman body as a unity of QI, XING and SHEN. The diagnostic process of TCM distinguishesitself by “observation,auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse diagnosis”. TCM usestraditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and many other treatment means to make humanbody be harmony between YIN and YANG. The concepts of YIN-YANG and WU XING laid atheoretical foundation for TCM. WU XING refers to five basic substances in the nature, thatis, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.

  1.气、形、神的统一体:“气、形、神”这种中文词汇在英文中鲜有恰当的词汇与之对应,翻译成拼音即可;“统一体”可译为unity。

  2.望、闻、问、切:“望”即“观察”,可译为observation;“闻”有“听”的意思,也有“嗅”的意思,在中医里也是如此,原文里已经给出提示,译为 auscultationand olfaction; “问”即“询问”,翻译为 inquiry; “切” 指“诊脉”,翻译为pulse diagnosis。

  3.阴阳调和:即阴阳平衡,可译为make YIN and YANG in equilibrium或者 be harmony betweenYIN and YANG。

  4.金:五行中的“金”不是“金子”,而是“金属”之意,所以要翻译成metal, 而不要译成gold。

2.2022年12月大学英语四级翻译练习题

  中国是具有先进酿酒技术的国家之一。关于酒的发明有许多种说法,最的是杜康的传说。据说杜康一天把装有谷子(millet)的竹筒落在了树上。十四天后偶然看见被他遗忘的竹筒,惊奇地发现筒里的谷子全变成了芳香的美酒。从此,他开始酿酒。因此,他的名字经常与酒联系起来,这一点在曹操的诗句中也有所体现:“何以解忧,唯有杜康。”

  参考翻译:

  Chinese Alcohol

  China is one of the leading countries in wine-makingin the world. There are many legends concerning theinvention of alcohol. The most popular one isabout Du Kang. It is said that Du Kang lost hisbamboo tube, which was full of millet, on the tree one day. Fourteen days later he saw the tubeby accident, and surprisingly found that the millet had turned into fragrant alcohol. Sincethen, inspired by this discovery, he began to make the alcohol. And for that reason, his nameis often associated with alcohol, which is illustrated in Cao Cao's verses-“What can relieve myworries? Only Dukang.”

  1.酿酒:可译为alcohol-making。这里的“酒”多指粮食酿酒,所以用alcohol,而不用wine。

  2.发明:酒是古人无意中创造出来的,而不是本身存在人们发掘出来的,所以用 invention。

  3.从此,他开始酿酒:杜康偶然间发现酒的形成,受了这次偶然的启发才开始尝试酿酒技术,所以在翻译这句时,将其中的逻辑关系一起译出。

  4.何以解忧,唯有杜康:中国的酒名来源甚广,此处的杜康酒是按照人名来命名的,不是指人,所以在翻译时应用Dukang,也与人名Du Kang作出区别。

3.2022年12月大学英语四级翻译练习题

  《孙子兵法》(The Art of War)是中国古代最重要的军事著作之一,是我国优秀文化传统的重要组成部分。孙子(SunTzu),即该书作者,在书中揭示的一系列具有普遍意义的军事规律,不仅受到军事家们的推崇,还在经济领域、领导艺术、人生追求甚至家庭关系等方面,具有广泛的指导作用。《孙子兵法》中的许多名言警句,富有哲理、意义深远,在国内外广为流传。

  参考翻译:

  The Art of War

  As one of the most important ancient Chineseclassical military works, The Art of War serves as animportant part of outstanding traditional culturein China. Sun Tzu, the author of the book, revealed aseries of universal military laws which is not only valued by militarists but also playsextensive guiding roles in economy, leadership, the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous quotes from The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and haveprofound meanings, and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.

  1.普遍意义的:翻译为universal。

  2.人生追求:翻译为the pursuit of life。

  3.名言警句:可译为famous quotes。“名言警句”有很多种英语表达方式,如 wise words, famous aphorism, famousepigrams,但根据此处语境可知,这些名言警句必然是从《孙子兵法》中选出的,因此译作quote (引语)一词更为恰当。

  4.意义深远:翻译为profound meanings。

  5.广为流传:翻译为widely circulated。其中circulate —词表示“流传,传播”之意。

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