介词后填名词还是动名词? 作者:杨华新 来源:《广东教育(高中)》2021年第11期 在做语法填空,遇到在介词后面填词,括号内的提示词是动词时,不少学生甚至老师会感到困惑:因介词后既可接名词也可接动名词,究竟是填该动词的名词形式,还是用动名词形式? 请看下面这道高考题: You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _________(die)early by running. 此题到底是填death呢?还是填dying? 我们知道,动名词具有名词的用法,同时也依然有动词的性质。如,动名词可以接宾语,也可以被副词修饰。因本题所给动词后有副词early修饰,应填die的动名词形式dying。 注意:若把原题稍作改动,将early置于空格前,即reduce your risk of early_________(die),那么,此处的early就成了形容词,形容词修饰名词,就应填die的名词形式death。 判断介词后所给动词是填其名词形式还是填动名词形式,可以根据以下几个方面来确定。 一、空格后有宾语,填动名词形式 Eventually they realized the importance of ________(protect)wildlife. 解析:所给动词后接有名词wildlife作宾语,要用所给动词的动名词形式,填protecting。 二、空格后有状语修饰,填动名词形式 He hesitated for a while before ________(reply)politely. 解析:宾格后副词politely(有礼地)修饰,填动词reply的动名词形式replying。 三、空格前有定语修饰,或有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、冠词等限定词时,填名词形式 Eventually they realized the importance of wildlife ________ (protect). 解析:空格前有名词wildlife充当定语,填名词protection,表示“野生动物保护”。 四、空格后无宾语或状语,填名词形式 1. There’s little possibility of _________(succeed)for her. 2. ...,handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of _________(achieve). 解析:空格后无名词或从句作宾语,也无副词修饰,故填名词形式。分别填success, achievement。 当然,有时用两种形式都可以。如: After(graduate) from university, my brother chose to work as a physics teacher in a small village. 此题填名词graduation或动名词graduating均可。 实战演练 请同学们根据以上判断方法,独立完成以下练习。 1.(1)After _______(think)for a while, he soon came up with a perfect idea. (2)Without a moment’s _______(think), he soon came up with a perfect idea. 2.(1)Thank you from the bottom of my heart for _______(invite)me to your birthday party. (2)Thank you from the bottom of my heart for your _______(invite). 3.(1)Thanks a lot for _______(assist)me in learning chemistry. (2)Thanks a lot for your_______(assist)in learning chemistry. 4.(1)With the boy _______(guide)us, we had no trouble getting to the destination. (2)Under the _______(guide)of the boy, we had no trouble getting to the destination. 5.(1)On _______(arrive)there, we were warmly welcomed. (2)On our _______(arrive), we were warmly welcomed. 6.(1)After a long time of _______(fly), the birds stopped for a rest. (2)After _______(fly)for a long time, the birds stopped for a rest. 7. The development was only possible with the _______(develop)of these new railway lines. 8.(1)After a brief _______(introduce), I showed the British visitors around the local places of interest. (2)After _______(introduce)myself briefly, I showed the British visitors around the local places of interest. 9.(1)After careful _______(consider)he agreed to go there with us. (2)After ________(consider)carefully he agreed to go there with us. 參考答案 1.(1)thinking (2)thought 2.(1)inviting(2)invitation 3.(1)assisting(2)assistance 4.(1)guiding(2)guidance 5.(1)arriving(2)arrival 6.(1)flight(2)flying 7. development 8.(1)introduction(2)introducing 9.(1)consideration(2)considering 责任编辑 蒋小青 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/06c5552c7a563c1ec5da50e2524de518964bd3f4.html