名词单复数教案 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 :可以用来计数的名词,有单数和复数形式,如: desk-desks, apple-apples等 不可数名词: 不可以直接用来计数的名词,没有复数形式,只有单数形式,如: some bread, a little milk等 一、可数名词 1. 可数名词复数的规则变化 1)一般名词变复数在其后面加s, 如map→maps (地图) 2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加es,如 bus→buses(公共汽车), watch→watches(手表) ,box→boxes,dish→dishes(盘子) 3)A.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如 baby→babies(婴儿) B.以元音字母+y结尾的词,直接加s,如 monkey→monkeys(猴), holiday→holidays(假期), storey→storeys(楼层); 注意: 以y结尾的专有名词变复数时,直接加s,如:two Marys, the Henrys 4)以o 结尾的名词变复数时: A. 表示无生命的加s, 如photo→photos(照片),piano→pianos(钢琴),radio→radios(收音机), zoo→zoos(动物园) B. 表示有生命的加es,如hero→heroes(英雄),potato→potatoes(土豆), tomato→tomatoes(西红柿) 巧记:英雄爱吃土豆炖西红柿。 特殊:zero→zeros / zeroes。 5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时: A. 变f,fe 为v,再加es,如 half→halves(一半), knife→knives(刀子) ,wife→wives(妻子) ,life→lives (生命) 巧记:小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用刀子(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)。 B. 加s的名词有: belief→beliefs(信念),roof→roofs (屋顶) 特殊:如 handkerchief→handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 Practice: 1. They come from different ______ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys 2. How many ______ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato 3. There are some ______ in these _______. A.knifes…pencil boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 4. _______ are good for our health. A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato 5. I like to eat cake with ______. A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys 6. ______ and ______ are not friends. A. Foxs…wolfs B. Foxes…wolfs C. Foxes…wolves 2.可数名词复数的不规则变化 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women goose---geese(鹅) 注意: 1)由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen ,因为German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;由man 或woman构成的复合名词变复数时,两个名词需要同时变为复数形式,如 woman teacher-wowen teachers, man doctor-men doctors 2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,jin,yuan,mu等。除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑等都有复数形式。如:two dollars, two pounds。 3)表示“某国人”的复数变化规则 巧记:中日瑞士都不变,英法变,其他后面加s. Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese,Swiss→Swiss;Englishman→Englishmen,Frenchman→Frenchmen;German→Germans,Canadian→Canadians 4)“数词+名词”作定语时,这个名词保留单数形式, 要用连字符连接,例如: two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路 two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划 Practice: 1. They are______. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher 2.Would you like _______ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters 3. Most of ______ live in _______. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany 4. These are the ______ of our national ______. A. photos … heroes B. photoes … heroes C. photos … heros 5. The ______ are running on the ______. A. deer … grasses B. deers … grass C. deer … grass 6. I was so hungry and I ate two ______. A. bowls of noodle B. bowls of noodles C. bowl of noodles 要注意的问题: 1)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 2)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如: people,police,cattle 等本身就是复数,后面谓语动词用复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle 3)只有复数形式的名词 trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子。traffic lights交通灯(一般有三盏,这样理解)sports(运动),做主语时,谓语动词用复数 4)the+ 姓氏复数表示一家人, 如: The Greens like playing tennis. 5)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如: goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。 6)名词所有格 1)一般情况下,单数名词的所有格是在词尾直接加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的书包;复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如men's room 男厕所;若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' ", 如:the workers' desks工人的桌子。 2)表示两人或多人共同拥有某物时,只需在最后一个名词词尾加’s;表示两人或多人分别拥有时,各个名词词尾都需加’s John's and Mary's rooms(两间)John and Mary's room(一间) 3) 表示时间,距离,国家,团体等无生命的东西的名词,也可+’s , 如,nine hour’s walk yesterday’s work 4) 有些名词所有格表示诊所,家,店铺如, at the doctor’s at Mary’s at the barber’s 5) 无生命的名词所有格一般用of构成 如,a map of China the name of the city Practice: 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/14a970aaf705cc17552709c8.html