(完整版)英语中的陈述句

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一、陈述句

1. 陈述句的定义陈述句主要是用来传递信息,提供情况(包括肯定和否定的情况)。

China is the largest country in Asia. 中国是亚洲最大的国家。I didn't tell him anything. 我什么也没有告诉他。

2. 肯定和否定的陈述句

I'm going to see a film. 我打算去看电影。I'm not going to see a film. 我不打算去看电影。 She has arrived. 她已经到达。She hasn't arrived yet. 她还没有到达。 3. 其他否定的陈述句 一、对谓语动词否定

否定词除了not之外,还有never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely(几乎不、很少)。

He never smokes cigarette. 他从不抽烟。I hardly know the people there. 我几乎不认识那里的人。 二、对名词或代词否定

No students will take the course. 没有学生会选修这门课。I can do nothing about it. 对这事我无能为力。

Nobody will agree to this project. 没有人会同意这项计划。 4. 委婉陈述

人们在陈述事实的时候,为了礼貌或者为了在说话时留有余地,常常在说话时采用委婉陈述方式。 一、采用插入语来软化陈述句的口气

That will be, I think, too much for him. 我想那会使他受不了的。You'll be caught in the rain, I'm afraid. 恐怕你们会淋雨。

I'll have another cup, if you please. 我想再来一杯,好吗?If you don't mind, I'd like to think about it for a minute.

如果你不介意的话,容我考虑一下。 二、采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口气

He might be right. 他也许是对的。 She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快活。 He appears to have many friends here. 看来,他在这儿有许多朋友。

二、一般疑问句一般疑问句也可称为 “yes no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词be 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+其他成分? Are you from JapanYes I am No I'm not

Is her sister doing her homework nowYes she is No she isn't Does he work in a bankYes he does No he doesn't Do you live near your schoolYes I do No I don't Can you speak FrenchYes I can No I can't May I go home nowYes you may No you mustn't

注意:1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are …)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:

I'm in Class 2Grade 1 →Are you in Class 2Grade 1 We're watching TV →Are you watching TV? 2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:He can swim now →Can he swim now?

The children may come with us → May the children come with us?

3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加dodoes 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:I like these animals →Do you like these animals? She wants to go to the movies → Does she want to go to the movies?



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4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)

5.一般疑问句有时不用yes no 回答。如:

Are they in town nowI think so. May I sit hereCertainly Does he like soccerSorry I don't know 三、.特殊疑问句

1 定义 以特殊疑问词开头,对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 2. 特殊疑问词全搜索 一句话: wh-开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词; how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们, What什么)why(什么)who() where(哪里) which(哪一个) what class(什么课) what time(什么时间) what number(什么号码) how(怎么样)how many(多少) how old(多大)how much(多少) 3. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成:

How old are you? 你多大了? Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲?

但特殊疑问句有时也要"特殊解":即如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,这时的特殊疑问句看起来成了"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。如:

Whos not here today? 今天谁没来? Which pen is red? 哪枝钢笔是红色的? 4. 特殊疑问句的语调小插件

一般说来,特殊疑问句都要读成降调(),并往往让最后一个单词承担此重任。如: What row are you in()? 你在第几排? Where is"E" ()? "E"在哪里? 5. 对特殊疑问句的答复小扫描

回答特殊疑问句,不能用"yes / no";但可用"到什么山上唱什么歌"来形容对特殊疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显)。如:

-How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了-Shes only five. / Only five. ()5岁。 根据答句写问句。

1My bag is under the chair. 2Hes eleven. 3Im a bus driver. 4Li Yan is not here. 5This pencil-case is 5 yuan. 6You can take a bus.

同学们在学习英语时是否注意到英语的疑问句和汉语有所不同?英语中的疑问句有一种是以what, who, where, how等开头的疑问句,这类疑问句便叫做特殊疑问句,而这些表示疑问的词叫疑问词。为了掌握特殊疑问句,还是让我们一起来勇闯三关吧! 第一关: 疑问词关

询问的内容不同,我们所使用的疑问词便不同。问物用what,问(电话)号码也用what,问人用who,问地点用where,问年龄用how old,问身体情况用how,问年级则用what grade等。例如: 1. -Whats that in English? -Its a book. 2. -How old are you? -Im fourteen. 第二关: 语序关

英语中疑问句一般应用倒装语序,即将动词be(can)放在主语的前面。特殊疑问句的语序还应注意将特殊疑问词放在句首。例如: 1. Where are you from? 2. How is your father? 当然,如果疑问词在句中作主语,则其后直接跟上动词。例如: Who is Lin Ying? 第三关: 回答关

对特殊疑问句进行回答往往不可用yesno,而应根据它所询问的内容直接作出回答。例如: -What class are you in? -Im in Class Nine. 回答时,问句中的名词在答句中常用代词代替,thisthat指物常用it来代替,thesethose指人或指物时常用 they来代替。例如: 1How old is your Englishteacher? 2. -Where is Mr Wang from? -He is from Beijing. 3. -What are these -They are boxes.



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