初中英语反义疑问句用法归纳
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反义疑问句 一、反意疑问句要点简述 反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句后,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种:一是“肯定陈述句+简略否定问句”;二是“否定陈述句+简略肯定问句”。反意疑问句后一部分的主谓与前一部分的主谓要保持人称、助动词及时态等方面的一致,即“三同一反”的原则。这种疑问句的回答要根据事实,肯定的用“Yes, …”。否定的用“No, …”。如: It looks like rain, doesn’t it? He doesn’t need to work so late, does he? 二、学习反意疑问句,特别要注意的问题 1)陈述部分的主语是this, that时,疑问部分的主语多用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,疑问部 分的主语多用they 如:This is a dictionary, isn’t it? Those are shelves, aren’t they? 2)陈述句如果是there be结构时,疑问句部分仍用there。 如: There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn’t there? 3)在英语口语中,“I am +表语结构”,后面的反意疑问句多用aren’t I来体现。 如: I am very interested in learning English, aren’t I? 4)陈述句的主语是动词不定式,动词的-ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it来体现。 如: Taking care of our environment is very important, isn’t it? What he said is right, isn’t it? 5)陈述句中含有not, no, hardly, neither, never, few, little, too …to等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问 部分常用肯定形式。 如: Few people knew the news, did they? Tom has never been to England , has he? 但陈述句中如果带有否定意义的前缀和后缀的单词时,整个句子仍视为肯定句,反意疑问部分多用 否定形式。 如: She is unhappy, isn’t she? 6)陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用they(当 强调全体时)或he(当强调个体时)。如果陈述句的主语是something, nothing, anything, everything等 不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用it。 如:No one knows him, do they? Someone is waiting for you, isn’t he? Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesn’t it? 7)陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe,suppose 等词,且主语是第一人称I或 we时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移(否定前移)。 如: I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can’t he? I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she? 若是第二第三人称的话,反义疑问句应该看主句:She thought it is meaningless,didn't she? 如果是转述的要注意:He said that you were in hospital,weren't you?(这里是对着那个you说的) ① 8)祈使句的反义疑问句中:let's 的要用shall we;let us 的要用will you;其他形式的都用will you。 如:Go and get it for me, won't you?去帮我取个东西,好吗? Let's meet at the airport, shall we ? 我们在机场碰头,行不行? Have a little more wine, will you ? 喝点儿酒,好吗? 9)must的反义疑问句:陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 A.must表示“应该”,其疑问部分用mustn't(不应该) 如:You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下学期你应该努力学习,对吗? B.must表示“必须”,其疑问部分用needn't(不必) 如:They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作,是吗? C.陈述部分含情态动词mustn't,表示禁止时,疑问部分就可以用must或may, 如:You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗? D.must表示推测 ,其疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。 如:①对现在动作或存在的情况的推测 : You must know the answer to the exercise, don't you? 你一定知道这项练习的答案,是不是? That must be your bed, isn't it? 那一定是你的床,是吗? ②对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测:句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时疑问部分 中的动词就用现在完成时。(haven’t / hasn’t + 主语) You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 10)have作为动词的反义疑问句: ①have to 的短语,且只充当一般动词的作用,助动词为do,does,和普通的一般疑问句没有任何差别, 提问还是用do,does引导。 We have to finish it ,don't we? ②当用have,has做助动词的时候,疑问句才用它们引导 如:She has seen it,hasn't she?这里的助动词就是has ③当陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时,疑问句应用hadn’t等开头: You’d better get up early, hadn’t you? ④其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头;如have表示“有”的时候,有两种形式:do或 have He has two sisters,doesn't he? =He has two sisters,hasn't he? He doesn't have any sisters, does he? ⑤当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈 述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”; 如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗? You must have told her about it, haven't you?你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 11)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。 She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 12)感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。 What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? 13)陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? ② 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/3988c0a5bb4cf7ec4bfed018.html