名词变复数规则: 1.一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”,如map→maps, bag→bags,book-books等; 2.以s,x, sh, ch结尾的词加“es”,如bus→buses, watch→watches, box-boxes等; 3.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f, fe 加ves的名词有: half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves 4.以o 结尾的名词变复数时: a)加s的名词有:photo→photos ,piano→pianos, radio→radios, zoo→zoos b)加es的名词有: potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 5.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i加es,如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等; 以元音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数,如monkey→monkeys, holiday→holidays, storey→storeys(楼层); 6. oo变ee的单词:foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth; 7. a变e的单词: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen; 8. 复数与原形一致的单词:fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese; 9.最特殊的一个:German-Germans. 第三人称单数时动词变化规则: 1、一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化 ①在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用“s”型(即第三人称单数形式)。 ②所谓动词“s”型的构成,可按名词变复数的规则来记,即: i) 在动词尾直接加 s。如:play—plays, want—wants, work—works, know—knows, help—helps,get—gets) ii) 以字母s、x、ch、sh或o结尾的动词加-es;如:guess—guesses, fix—fixes, teach—teaches, brush—brushes, go—goes,do—does,watch—watches,catch—catches) iii) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es。如:study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries 动词加ing变化规则: 1、一般情况下,在动词原形后面直接加ing,e.g. go-going ,doing, walking, talking, speaking, sleeping,cooking. 2、以不发音的e 结尾,去e加ing,e.g. shave(刮脸)-shaving,coming, living, dancing, making. 3、在少数几个以 –ie 结尾的动词后:须将–ie 变作y,再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die – dying; tie – tying, lie – lying 4、在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词,而末尾只有一个辅音字母时,将这个辅音字母双写(x除外),然后再加 –ing. sit – sitting; run – running; begin – beginning; forget – forgetting 特别要注意:这和第三人称一般现在时的词尾变化不同,动词词尾如为“辅音字母 + y” 时不变,在其后直接加 –ing。 eg. study – studying; carry– carrying; fly – flying; worry – worrying 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/4a449501be64783e0912a21614791711cd79795f.html