论文英文摘要常用句型

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英文摘要一般须以第三人称、过去式叙述。用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨。结果和结论一般用句子表达;而目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达。 1)英文摘要的时态与语态

1)说明研究目的,通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

2)说明方法和结果,一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。 3)结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达。(陈老师都用的过去时)

2)常用句型

1)表达论文内容的常用句型 A 第三人称主动态

This paper(articlereport)describes„本文叙述„ This paper (article)reports„本文报告„

This report(paperarticle)presents„本文介绍„ This paper(articlereport)discusses„本文讨论„

常用的动词还有analyze(分析)evaluate(评价)compare(比较)describe(描述)等。 B 第一人称主动态

We report(on)„我们报告„

We describe a case of 我们描述1例„ In this paperwe present 本文介绍„ In this paperwe report 本文报告„

主语除we之外,还可用the authors(作者)等。 C 一般现在时被动语态

A case is reported in which 本文报告1例„ A study ofis reported本文报告„的研究 ⑧„is(are)described 本文描述„

In this paper.„is(are)presented 本文介绍„ 2)表达目的常用句型

A 一般过去时、被动语态

The purposeaimobjective of this study was to 本研究旨在„ The goalaim of this investigation was to 本研究旨在„ This study was designed to 本研究旨在„ This study was undertaken to 本研究旨在„

This prospective study was performed to 本前瞻性研究的目的是„ A study towas carried out(during) (在„期间)所作研究的目的是„ An attempt has been made to 为了„而作试验 B 动词不定式短语

To evaluatereportinvestigatestudyanalyze C 一般过去时、主动语态

Wethe authorsconducted a study to 为了„我们进行了研究 To determine„,we studied 为了确定„,我们研究了„

In an attempt to„,in an effort to„或in order to„,we carried out a pilot study 了„,我们进行了„的初步研究

表示目的的常用动词有:evaluate(评价)examine(检查,观察)determine(确定,查明)elucidate(阐明)explore(探索)test(测试)compare(比较)estimate(评估)assess(估价)


investigate(调查)等。

3)表达方法的常用句型 A 方法

表达研究类型 Prospective, Retrospective, CohortCase-controlin vivo, in vitro Using(technique)we studied 我们用„(技术)研究了„ Using„,it was found that (我们)用„发现了„ ③„was(were)measured using (我们)用„测定了„

④„was(were)analyzed reviewed by (我们)用„分析(回顾)了„ ⑤„was(were)treated with (我们)用„治疗了„ ⑥„measurements were made of 测定了„ 常用的动词还有:studymeasuredetermine investigateisolatedemonstrateexamineidentify等。

B 分组(主语通常为patientssubjectsanimals

⑦„were randomly divided grouped intogroups „被随机分成„组 ⑧„were separated intogroups based on 根据„,将„分成„组 The groups were as follows 分组如下: C 治疗或检查方法

⑩„ was performedused in (on)patients 我们对„患者施行(应用)了„ (patients) underwentendoscopy (患者)进行了„内镜检查

Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology) 手术方法,测试方法„

C 统计学方法

Statistical methods: Student’s t test, χ2 … was used for 4)表达结果的常用句型 A 一般句型

The results showed demonstrated that„结果表明„ It was found that (我们)发现„

It was observed that (我们)观察到„

第②和③句也可改为第一人称:We found that„和We observed that„。 B 增加或减少

④„decreased by(40)„降低(40)

⑤„(a 70) reduction inwas observed „观察到„降低(70) There was a(15) elevation in„„增高(15)

⑦„resulted in (a marked) increase in „导致„(明显)增高 ⑧„was lowered fromto „从„下降到„

表达增加或减少的常用动词还有riseraisedeclinedropfalllower等。可用by示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“„increase by 40%”,表示“增加40%”;而to表示增加或减少到某个具体数值。 C 相关与差别

There was a significant linear correlation betweenand „与„有显著的线性相关性 ⑩„showed no strong correlation betweenand „显示„与„无密切相关性 ⑩„correlated positively with „与„呈正相关

A negative correlation was found betweenand 发现„与„呈负相关 There was werenosignificant differencesor Nosignificant differences


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