(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则

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动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I.规则变化

1. 一般情况直接加 ed,女口 ask asked, workworked

2. 以不发音的 e结尾,只加 d,女口 love loved, dancedanced

3. 以辅音字母加 y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try tried, study studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词

尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母

以重读闭音节或r音节结

再加ed,stop stopped, permit

,先双写末尾这个辅音字母

permitted

注:A.I结尾的动词尾音节重读时 双写I,control con trolled;尾音节不重读时

双不双写都可以,如 travel traveled /travelled

B. 特例 picnic picnicked picnicked 去野餐 ,traffic trafficked trafficked

(交易在…通行) 另外还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的



需要熟记.

C. 读音与说明

.-ed 在清辅音音素后发音为 [t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped .-ed 在浊辅音和元音后发音为

[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed

.-ed [t][d]后发音为[id]: wan ted, n eeded, admitted, permitted

II. 不规则动词表

AAA 型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) 1cost (花费) cost cost shut



shut spit/spat

put









shut spit/ spat

hurt

put

cut (割)

hit (打) let (让) read (读)

cut hit let read

cut hit let read

spit

hurt 伤害) hurt put (放)









AAB 型(动词原形与过去式同形) 2beat (跳动) beat beaten 3

ABA 型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become (变成) became become come (来)

came

come







awake run (跑)



awoke awoken ran







run built caught dealt fed found



ABB 型(过去式与过去分词同形) 4dig (挖) dug dug

get (得到) hang (吊

死) (悬hang 挂)

build built catch caught deal feed find

dealt fed found



got hung held shone

got/gotten hung held shone



hanged hanged





hold (抓住)



shine (照耀)



forbid forbade/forbad forbidden pay

send shoot tell

paid sent shot told

paid sent shot told

sit (坐) win (赢) meet (遇见) keep (保持)

sat sat won won met met kept kept





leave (离开)left left build (建设) built built








sleep (睡) sweep (扫) smell (闻)

slept slept swept swept

win won won feel (感觉) felt felt









smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled




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