一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 用于指人或指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ ，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 【注意】 （1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house in which we lived last year. 译：_____________________________________________________________ （2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。 This is the person whom you are looking for. 译：_____________________________________________________________ （3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。 The city that she lives in is very far away. 译：_____________________________________________________________ （4）关系词只能用that的情况： a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which. He was the first person that passed the exam. 译：_____________________________________________________________ b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which. Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 译：_____________________________________________________________ c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which. This is the same bike that I lost. 译：_____________________________________________________________ d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 译：_____________________________________________________________ e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that. Who is the girl that is crying？ 译：_____________________________________________________________ f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 译：_____________________________________________________________ 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/a8b289c7bbd528ea81c758f5f61fb7360a4c2b6d.html