花费句型区别

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spend, take, pay, cost都有花费的意思,但在具体使用时各有差异。各地中考

试题在单项选择和句型转换题中常把这四个词放在一起考查 1.spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:

(1) spend time money on sth. ……上花费时间(金钱)

例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。

例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 2.pay的主语也是人,基本用法是

(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……

例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sb /sth. ……的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3) Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。

(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 : They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 5pay off one's money还清钱。

3.cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示 常见用法如下: (1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。

例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。

例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意:若 cost 不是表示花费,而是表示客观地或被动地耗费,则也可用人作主语。如: Smokers cost them a lot of money every year. 抽烟的人每年要耗费他们不少钱。cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

4. take的意思在英语中很多,如:花费、占领、服(药)等,而且用法亦很广,表达花费的用法有以下几种:

(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。

注意:按传统语法,take 的宾语通常是时间,但在现代英语中,用钱作其宾语的现象已很普遍。如:It takes a lot of money to buy a house. 买一座房子要花一大笔钱。 (2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。

例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

中考题举例

1. How much did you ______ for the dictionary? -- £ 12. (2006安徽) A. buy B. spend C. cost D. pay

2,It____the Chinese people eight years to build the Three Gorges Dam(三峡大

坝)How great! (2006福州)

A spends B costs C paid D took

3.And smokers have to spend a lot of money 50 cigarrettes (香烟). So I think it is a bad habit. (2007 娄底)

A. buy B. good C. famous D. on






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