[新概念英语第二册重点语法总结]新概念英语第二册重点语法Lesson93~95

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新概念英语第二册重点语法Lesson93

　　重要句型或语法

　　1、被动语态

　　本课主要对比复习第21课、第45课和第69课出现的被动语态的用法，主要包括不同时态中的被动语态、与情态动词的连用、不定式结构的被动语态、被动语态所在的从句改为短语结构等。如：

　　A letter was delivered this morning.

　　Your bag must have been stolen in the shopping mall.

　　I was asked to finish the work before Friday.

　　After having been instructed to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.

　　2、重音

　　本课难点部分出现的是有关重音的内容，主要讲的是同一个词语，经常会因为词性不同，而发音不一样，主要的体现就是重音位置不一样。如：present作为名词的发音为['preznt]，但作为动词的发音为[prɪ'zent]。

　　课文主要语言点

　　One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.

　　1)monument，纪念碑。

　　2)the Statue of Liberty，自由女神像。

　　3)present，用作动词，表示赠送。

　　4)注意美国的全称为the United Stats of America，所以其简称为USA。

　　The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete.

　　1)注意因为这个statue是的，所以其定语从句采用了which引导的非限定性定语从句。

　　2)sculptor，雕刻家。

　　3)注意take的用法：sth. take sb. some time to do sth.句中省略了sb.因为定语从句中已经说明了雕刻者是谁，所以take后面就无需再次说明是谁了。

　　The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.

　　1)actual，实际的。

　　2)figure，人物、塑像。

　　3)be made of，由...制成。注意与be made from(原材料不可见，即成品看不出原材料是什么)的区别。

　　4)supported by...是定语，用来修饰先行词copper，其完整原形为：which/that was supported by a metal framework。

　　5)a metal framework，金属框架。

　　6)which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词framework。

　　7)construct，建造。其名词为construction。

　　Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.

　　1)transport，运输。其名词形式为transportation。

　　2)site，地点、位置。

　　3)pedestal，基架、底座。

　　The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour.

　　1)chosen用作后置定语，修饰site。其完整原形为：which/that was chosen。

　　2)island，岛屿。

　　3)at the entrance of，在...的入口处。

　　4)harbour，港口(注意美式英语的拼法为harbor)，多指天然港口。人工港口多用port。

　　By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.

　　1)erect，矗立、竖立。其名词为erection。

　　2)the following year，第二年。相当于the next year。

　　3)take...to pieces 把...拆卸开。

　　By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.

　　1)by the end of，到...时候为止。其所在句子的谓语动词一般都要用完成时。如果是过去时间，则采用过去完成时;如果是将来时间，则采用将来完成时。

　　2)put...together，把...组装起来。

　　3)officially，正式地。

　　Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.

　　1)ever since then，自从那之后。其所在句子的谓语动词一般都要用完成时。

　　2)a symbol of ...的象征。

　　3)millions of，成百上千万。

　　4)pass through，通过、经过。

　　5)make one's home in，在某地安家、定居。

新概念英语第二册重点语法Lesson94

　　重要句型或语法

　　介词

　　本课主要对比复习第22课、第46课和第70课出现的介词的用法，主要包括：与动词搭配的of、from、in、on、to、at、for、with和与形容词搭配的for、with、of、to、at、from、in、on、about等。

　　课文主要语言点

　　Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.

　　1)Experiments have proved that... 实验证明... 可作为套话来用。

　　2)instruct，指导、传授。其表动作的名词为instruction，表人的名词为instructor。

　　3)at a very early age，很小的时候。

　　At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk.

　　1)at a swimming pool，在泳池。注意介词at的用法。

　　2)become expert at，擅长。

　　3)hold one's breath，屏住呼吸。

　　Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from th floor of the pool.

　　1)babies of two months old，两个月大的婴儿。注意of后接年龄，表示多大的孩子。

　　2)appear用作系动词，表示看上去、像是。相当于seem。注意appear也可用作实义动词表示“出现”，其反义词为disappear(消失)。

　　3)be reluctant to，勉强、不情愿。

　　4)not long before... 不久之后。

　　5)be accustomed to，习惯于。注意to为介词。

　　6)pick up weights，拿起重物。

　　A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.

　　1)be popular with sb.，受某人欢迎。

　　2)tricycle，三轮车。该词由前缀tri-(三个)和词根cycle(圆圈;轮子)组成。注意对比bicycle(自行车，由前缀bi-和词根cycle组成，bi-表示“两个”)。

　　Tricycles are lined up on th floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.

　　1)be lined up，排队、列队。

　　2)compete against each other，相互竞争。注意compete的动作名词为competition，表人的名词为competitor(竞争者)，形容词为competitive。

　　3)the other end of.... ...的另一头或另一边。

　　Many pedal their bicycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once.

　　1)pedal，用脚踩踏。

　　2)drag，拖拉。相当于pull。

　　3)cover the whole legnth，走过整段距离。

　　4)come up for breath，浮出水面呼吸。

　　Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.

　　1)注意whether引导的是宾语从句，只是被提前到句首了，它其实tell的宾语。

　　2)champion，冠军。

　　Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.

　　1)meanwhile，与此同时。

　　2)encourage，鼓励、鼓舞。该词由动词前缀en-(使...)和词根courage(勇气)组成。

　　3)gasp for air，喘气、喘息。相当于gasp for breath。

新概念英语第二册重点语法Lesson95

　　重要句型或语法

　　动词的形式变化

　　本课主要对比复习第60课、第69课出现的动词的用法，

　　其中，第60课主要是关于动词在时间和条件状语从句中的“主将从现”的用法，而第69课主要是关于动词在被动语态中如果在从句里要改为分词短语的用法。如：

　　The moment she arrives , I will let you know.

　　If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.

　　After being arrested, the man confessed that he had stolen the money.

　　课文主要语言点

　　When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.

　　1)ambassador，大使。

　　2)Escolopia，这是作者虚构的国名。估计是借用了Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亚)的国名。

　　3)get a shock，感到震惊。相当于be greatly surprised。

　　4)pale，苍白的。

　　5)be in a frightful state，样子可怕或不成样子。frightful，可怕的。源自名词fright，其动词为frighten。

　　What has happened?' she asked. 'How did your clothes get into such a mess?' 'A fire extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily. 'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.'

　　1)get into a mess，乱七八糟。mess，混乱。其形容词为messy。

　　2)fire extinguisher，灭火器。注意extinguisher源自动词extinguish，表示熄灭、扑灭。

　　3)drily，冷淡地、枯燥无味地。源自形容词dry(枯燥的)。

　　4)set...on fire，放火烧...

　　5)embassy，大使馆。

　　Good heavens!' exclaimed his wife. 'And where were you at the time?' 'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador. 'The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted.'

　　1)Good heavens!，天啊!相当于My god!或My goodness!。

　　2)exclaim，欢呼、喝彩。其名词为exclamation，形容词为exclamatory。

　　3)as usual，和往常一样。

　　4)break out，爆发。

　　5)basement，地下室

　　6)aim sth. at sb.把某物对准某人。

　　7)be on fire，着火。

　　8)definitely，肯定地。

　　9)get sb. posted，调走某人。post在句中表示“派遣”。

　　The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat.

　　1)go on doing，继续做(同一件)事。注意与go on to do(接着做另一件事)的区别。

　　2)when在句中表示“然后”，意思相当于then。

　　And how can you explain that?' she asked. 'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador. 'Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think? Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'

　　1)注意第一句话中的that用了斜体，朗读时要重读，以起到强调作用。这里的that是指the big hole in the hat。

　　2)fire a shot，开枪。

　　3)accurate，准确的。其名词为accuracy(准确性)。

　　4)注意最后一句用了虚拟语气，是针对过去发生的事情的虚拟。

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