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新概念英语第二册Lesson28课文注释
1.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 贾斯珀·怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一。
在第21课的课文详注中,我们曾经提到“one of +名词/代词”这个结构,of后面的名词必须是复数,但与这个结构连用的动词必须是单数:
One of your friends is waiting for you now.
你的一位朋友正在等你。
课文中who代指的是one of those rare people,所以动词用believes。
2.… but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.………但自从搬进去后,就和汽车及车主们发生了摩擦。
ever since的语气比since强,表示“从那以后一直,主句一般用完成时:
I've been interested in flying ever since I was a boy.
自从我的孩提时代起,我就对飞行一直感兴趣。
He left the village last year and has never returned ever since.
他去年离开了这座村庄,从那以后一直没有回去过。
3.Jasper has put up‘No Parking’ signs outside his gate…贾斯珀曾把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边……
put up在这里表示“挂起”、“竖起”等意思。
4.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.
贾斯珀希望她把汽车和司机们都变成石头。
(1)she指的是蛇发女怪美杜莎。根据希腊神话,凡看她一眼的人都会变成石头。
(2)turn在这儿的意思是“把……变成”,是及物动词:
They have turned the famous beauty spot to/into an ugly place.
他们把那的风景胜地变成了一个丑陋的地方。
新概念英语第二册Lesson29课文注释
1.The‘taxi’is a small Swiss aeroplane called a‘Pilatus Porter’.
这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机,叫“皮勒特斯·波特”号。
(1)taxi加引号是因为它不是一辆真正的出租汽车而是飞机。
(2)Swiss aeroplane是指瑞士生产的飞机。
(3) called a‘Pilatus Porter’是个过去分词短语,作aeroplane的定语,在意思上和一个定语从句差不多,即which is called a‘Pilatus Porter’。一般说来,过去分词短语作定语时要放在所修饰的名词/代词之后,而一个单独的分词作定语时则往往放在所修饰的名词/代词前面:
It can land on a ploughed field.
它可以在耕过的田里降落。
He landed in a deserted car park.
他降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。
过去分词ploughed和deserted都位于它们所修饰的名词之前。
2.The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. 然而,最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落:雪地上,水面上,甚至刚耕过的田里。
(1)表示转折的连词however可以位于句首、句末或句中,其意义不变。大多数情况下它位于句中,前后用逗号隔开。
(2)从句 that it can land anywhere在句子中起表语作用,是表语从句,that为引导词,it代指this wonderful plane。
(3) on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field是 anywhere的同位语,举例说明这架飞机可以在哪些地方降落。
3.…Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.……弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。
我们已经学过fly作为不及物动词的用法,其意义为“飞”、“飞行”:
The aeroplane is flying over the river.
飞机正从河上飞过。
在本课中,fly为及物动词,意思为“空运(乘客)”:
He has flown his car to France.
他已将他的汽车空运到法国。
新概念英语第二册Lesson30课文注释
1.The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. 威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河。
在这句话中,that引导的定语从句修饰 a small river,关系代词that在从句中作主语。地点状语 near my home修饰 the park。
2.I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. 我喜欢在天气晴朗的下午到河边坐坐。
(1)by在此处表示“在……旁边/近旁”。
(2)afternoon为复数形式,表示经常性的情况,因此谓语为一般现在时。由于afternoon前面有修饰词,因此要用介词on。
morning,evening与它的用法一致。试比较:
He came to the office in the afternoon.
他下午去了办公室。
He met John on Sunday/on a fine afternoon.
他在星期天/在一个晴朗的下午遇见了约翰。
Will you come to the meeting this/tomorrow afternoon?
你来参加今天/明天下午的会吗?(在this , tomorrowr ,yesterday等前面不加介词)
This happend on the afternoon of May22.
这事发生于5月22日下午。(请注意在the afternoon of May22之前要用介词on)
3.…it went towards a passing boat.……球便向着一只划过来的小船飞去。
(1)go在此处不是指人“走”,而是指球“行进”。
(2)passing为现在分词,作定语,表示“经过的”、“划过来的”,如a passing plane(一架飞过的飞机)。
4.Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat…岸上的一些人对着小船上的人高喊……
call out表示“大声呼叫”、“叫喊”,比call语气要重:
I heard someone calling out for help.
我听到有人在大声呼救。
Mary called out to her father, but he was too far away and couldn't hear her.
玛丽对着她的父亲高喊,但他离得太远了,听不到她的喊叫。
5.The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
球重重地打在他身上,使他差点儿落入水中。
so +形容词+that通常引导结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”:
The book was so interesting that I read it in two hours.
这本书如此有趣,我两个小时就把它看完了。
The box is so heavy that I can't lift it without your help.
这箱子太重了,以至于没有你的帮助我无法把它举起来。
这个结构也可以用于so +副词+that从句结构:
He ran so quickly that no one could catch up with him.
他跑得非常快,没人能赶上他。
It rained so hard that we couldn't go out.
雨下得很大,我们无法出去。
在口语中,引导词that往往可以省略。
6.I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight…我转过头去看那些孩子,但一个也不见……
(1)any代替 any children。
(2) in sight表示“看得见”、“在视野之内”,反义词为 out of sight:
No bus is in sight.
看不见任何公共汽车。
Mary came in sight when I was waiting for Lucy.
我等露西的时候,玛丽出现了。
In the afternoon, we came in sight of the village.
下午时,我们见到了那座村庄。
George left the store and was soon out of sight.
乔治离开了那商店,不久便不见了。