托福口语考试评分标准-托福口语考试的常见错误

【#英语口语# 导语】托福口语不同于国内英语等级考试，西方人的交流是更自然、更开放的，所以教条式思维是中国考生的一个弱点。以下是®文档大全网整理的托福口语考试的常见错误，欢迎阅读！

1.托福口语考试的常见错误

　　1、there be句型与have/has混杂使用

　　严重的错误，也是托福口语分数不高的一大原因。这一问题的出现，要归罪于现在完成时的there be句型，如There has been a big change in my hometown。有许多考生在记住这个句子之后在想表示"有"这个谓语动词的时候都，往往会把there be与have/has同时出现在一句话中，而句子的含义并非想表达现在完成时。如：There have many wild animals in my country. 而正确的说法为There are many wild animals in my country。或My country has many wild animals。

　　2、时态

　　时态错误可以算语法错误中级而又最不易发现的两种了。它的低级是因为时态是所有考生在笔头上都已掌握的;但一转到口头上，就很难保持了。

　　3、形容词比较级

　　在形容词变比较级与最时，只有三个音节以上(含三个音节)的形容词才需要加more或the most，其他的形容词都是直接加er或者去y变ier的规则变化，但是有的考生在作答时极易忽略该形容词是否规则变化，而想当然的再三音节以下的形容词前加more或the most。如：It's more easy for me to find a job with this major. 而正确的说法为：It's easier for me to find a job with this major。

　　4、形容词ing与ed的区别

　　托福口语中你可能可以熟练的背出ing是形容一件事或一种东西，ed是形容人"这一口诀，但是你敢肯定自己在作答中不会犯这种错误码?看以下及组形容词：interesting与interested;exciting与excited;surprising与surprised。什么叫形容人?基本上来讲，可能出现的情况无非以下两种：a. somebody + be动词 + 以ed结尾的形容词 + 介词 + something 如：I'm surprised about this piece of news. b. something make(s) somebody + 以ed结尾的形容词 如：This piece of news makes me surprised. 什么叫形容一件事或一种东西?也就是：a. something + be动词 + 以ing结尾的形容词 如：This piece of news is surprising. b. 以ing结尾的形容词 + 名词 如This is a surprising piece of news。

　　5、动词短语忽略成分

　　有些动词短语的搭配是固定的，只有把短语完整的说全的情况下才可以接之后的名词，但许多考生很容易忽视这一点。如：listen to, go to, look forward to, pay attention to等等。所以我们要在练习中尽可能的回忆当时学校课堂上所交的那些口诀，来确保每一个说出的动词短语不会遗忘任何成分。

　　6、情态动词后不加动词原形

　　有的考生在托福口语练习时会因为过度重视时态问题，如一味的想着整个作答都要基于某种时态而忽略情态动词后要加动词原形这一原则。如：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could got a better job after learning that. 而正确的说法则是I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could get a better job after learning that。

2.托福口语备考常识

　　托福口语是托福考试中的一项偏主观题，难度虽高，但把握方向和主动权都在学生自己。

　　阅读应与听力练习同时，同比重的进行。人为托福口语试题中的听力把所有时间都集中在听力材料的练习上，这是个错误。我们不是生活在国外，你无论怎样营造，都不能有一个真正的外国的文化氛围在你身边，这一个已经可以说明只注重单一的听力练习是错误的。其次，听力练习中，你接触到多少信息呢?这个信息包括词汇、语法、习惯用法、文化等等在接触材料时能够遇到的所有东西。　自身准确的发音。自身准确地道的英语发音不能让你在听力上面无往不利，但是不准确不地道的发音不能有效的解决听力问题。而准确地道的发音往往又得之于在听力中纠正自己的发音。两者是互相进行的。

　　词汇量和语法是阅读的关键，阅读量的多少以及阅读能力的好坏现在也决定了新托福口语成绩的高低，而我们学习语言，又必须从听说开始。

　　现在的雅思，托福考试以及即将改革的SAT考试，都呈现一种趋势。考试更注重学生的英文功底，综合的英语运用能力。考试更侧重于测试学生真实的语言功底，呈现一种去模板化，去培训化的模式。

　　学生综合英语素质的，取决于自身的英语基本功底，从听、说、读、写各方面全方位的。词汇，语法，语言理解能力均衡发展，是将来考试测试的重点。综合英语系列课程选用了当前最的引进教材，采用国际流行的教学模式，深度剖析英语作为第二语言学习的特点，选取当下的热点话题，让学生在学习过程中也能丰富视野，为将来的留学做好充足的准备。

　　关注一下常用的单词。外国人说话不是每一句都用你不懂的单词说的，托福口语也是如此。你听不懂的往往就是最常用的，而且是你已经掌握了的单词。只是它们在常速、连读、略音下使你以为是生词而已。相信大家已经深有体会了。那些是常用的单词?在听力中譬如 have，go，you，where，when，him，them等等就是(当然还有其他啦)。在这里，VOA Special English有好与不好的地方。它能让你清楚这些常用单词的发音，它不能让你知道正常的交际中这些单词怎样发音。

3.托福口语范文

　　1. Work through your mental list of requirements.

　　For the task in Strategy 1 above, your list might be:

　　Name the skill. You have already named the skill in your restatement of the task statement.

　　Define the skill. Ask yourself if you need to define your topic. Will the listener know about the topic you have chosen?

　　Explain the importance to you of the topic you have chosen.

　　Include details and examples from your own experience.

　　2. Know your goal.

　　When studying, record your speech and make a trancript, writing it exactly as you said it. Then make improvements to it: correct mistakes, eliminate long hesitations, and replace words or rephrase sentences to avoid repetition. Practice reading the corrected version aloud, and time yourself. Read it again while timing yourself, and stop reading at 45 seconds. How far did you get?

　　You will find that 45 seconds is only enough time for you to restate the task with your topic and to give one or two examples and one or two details. Eliminate unnecessary examples and details from your trancript and read it again with a timer. Once you have eliminated enough to be able to read your response aloud in about 35-40 seconds, and the topic does not suffer from a lack of examples or detail, you know your goal. The remaining 5-10 seconds are for the natural hesitations and corrections a speaker generally makes when talking.

　　3. Get ready for the next item.

　　It is easy to get anxious if you run out of time and have not finished what you intended to say, or if you finish what you want to say and there is still time left. Take a deep breath to help you relax and get ready for the next part of the test.

4.托福口语如何开展话题论述

　　方式(How1)

　　Chicken soup helps to fight a cold.

　　Special chemical stops a cold from getting worse.

　　People can get enough protein and be healthy by eating tofu, eggs, nuts.

　　Food gives people the chances to learn more about other cultures.

　　We use internet to communicate in many different ways.

　　It is good way to do sth

　　影响 (How2)

　　Overeating has negative/great impact on human beings’ health.

　　状态(How3)

　　it is good/unhealthy for sth/sb (not)to do

　　目的 (Why1)

　　the ancients used stone or wood to make tools.

　　I am writing a paper for my English class.

　　起因 (Why2) (对齐)

　　Chocolate causes pimples.

　　Eating too much and not exercising can cause us to gain weight.

　　Using too much of the energy may cause the problem

　　The cause is stress or not getting enough sleep.

　　Adding fattening things like butter to bread can raise the number of calories we eat.

　　We eat because we are hungry.

　　The reason why Americans love pizza is uncertain.

　　May be that’s why there are fewer people than I thought.

　　The mistake may lead to a serious accident.

　　Thanks for Chinese paper invention, people use money made of paper

　　条件 (Why3)

　　Without paper invention our lives would be very difficult.

　　If I get tired, my mother will let me get some sleep.

　　时间 (When)

　　People like to eat junk food when/before/after they are happy, sad or worried.

　　地点(Where)

　　I prefer eating in Chinese restaurants where I can enjoy the Chinese way of life

5.托福口语常见代词的错误用法

　　第一个最常见的错误是一个句子中代词的频繁转换，即所谓pronoun shift。

　　典型的例子是“When one searches on the Internet， you will potentially get onto illegal websites， which will cause negative consequences to us.”在这句话中one，you和us未能保持一致，让考官不知所云。应该修改为“When searching on the Internet， we may potentially get onto illegal websites， which will cause negative consequences to us.”

　　第二种常见错误是代词在“性别”上未能与被指代对象保持一致，这在学生的口语中也是常见问题。

　　比如学生所写这句话“Studying in a co-educational school， a girl may concentrate more on popular boys， which may cause ignorance of his study.”显然，his的出现与句子主语a girl是不相符合的，应该改为her。

　　第三种错误是代词在“数”上未能与被指代对象保持一致。

　　在“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics， because she always wants to be pretty.”中，主语是girls，为复数，但是原因状语从句中的代词却是she。改正的方法便是将she改为they体现“数”的一致，同时将wants改为want，实现从句内部的主谓一致。最终结果为“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics， because they always want to be pretty.”。

　　第四种错误是“格”出了问题。

　　最常见的情况是本该用形容词性物主代词(比如their)，结果误用了代词的主格或宾格(比如用成了they或者them)，或者在主格和宾格之间未能区分清楚(比如分不清they和them)。一个典型的例子是“Some graduates are proud of their diplomas; however， companies regard they as nothing”。句中regard后面应接宾语，所以they应该改为them才对。

　　第五种错误与反身代词的使用有关。

　　反身代词表示“某人自己”，比如“Many children are addicted to computer games and they cannot control themselves at all.”教学中笔者发现，学生清楚这种用法，但是不会表达“某人自己的”这个概念，总是说“Teenagers cannot control themselves behaviours”。这句话中，themselves要改为their own才能体现出“某人自己的”这层意思。因此，考生在作文时要格外留意这个小点。

托福口语考试的常见错误.doc

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