新概念英语第四册自学导读:新概念英语第四册自学导读:第九课王室谍报活动(上)

副标题:新概念英语第四册自学导读:第九课王室谍报活动(上)

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Lesson 9 Royal espionage
第九课王室谍报活动


by BERNARD NEWMAN
from Spies in Britain


9-1. Alfred the Great acted as his own spy, visiting Danish camps disguised as a minstrel.


【译文】阿尔弗雷德大帝曾亲自充当间谍。他乔装吟游歌手进入丹麦军队营地侦察。


【讲解】Alfred the Great,阿尔弗雷德大帝,古英国国王,22岁登基,为抵抗入侵的丹麦人,先后与丹麦军交战6年未能取胜,后潜匿于阿森尔尼岛,终于打败丹麦军。visiting Danish camps disguised as a minstrel作方式状语,修饰acted。disguised as a minstrel作方式状语,修饰visiting。


【单词和短语】


disguise:假扮,化装(to change someone’s appearance so that people cannot recognize them),

例如:
She disguised herself as a man with a false beard.
她戴上假须女扮男装。


9-2. In those days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere.


【译文】当时,浪迹四方的吟游歌手到处受欢迎。


【讲解】wandering minstrels,浪迹四方的吟游歌手。中世纪时期,欧洲云游四方的歌手一般都身带竖琴,自弹自唱,传颂古代的历史传说。


【单词和短语】


wandering:漫游的;闲逛的;流浪的(one uses wandering to describe a person who moves from place to place and has no permanent home)。


minstrel:(中世纪的)吟游歌手(a singer or musician in the Middle Ages)。


9-3. They were not fighting men, and their harp was their passport.


【译文】他们不是参战人员,他们的竖琴就是通行证。


9-4. Alfred had learned many of their ballads in his youth, and could vary his programme with acrobatic tricks and simple conjuring.


【译文】阿尔弗雷德年轻时学过许多吟游歌手的歌曲,并能穿插表演一些杂技和小魔术使自己的节目多样化。


【讲解】their指吟游歌手的。


【单词和短语】


acrobatic:杂技的(acrobatic movements involve moving your body in a very skillful way, for example by jumping through the air or balancing on a rope),另掌握acrobatics(杂技)和acrobat(杂技演员)。


9-5. While Alfred's little army slowly began to gather at Athelney, the king himself set out to penetrate the camp of Guthrum, the commander of the Danish invaders.


【译文】阿尔弗雷德人数不多的军队开始在阿塞尔纳慢慢集结时,大帝亲自潜入丹麦侵略军司令官古瑟罗姆的营地。


【讲解】the king himself指Alfred the Great。Guthrum是入侵英国的丹麦军首领。公元878年5月,被阿尔弗雷德大帝战败,改奉基督教,并认阿尔弗雷德大帝为教父。


【单词和短语】


penetrate:深入;进入;打入(to succeed in becoming accepted into a group or an organization, sometimes in order to find out their secrets),

例如:
penetratethe territory of enemies渗入敌人领土


penetratean enemy organization打入敌人组织


penetrate的名词形式为penetration。


9-6. These had settled down for the winter at Chippenham: thither Alfred went.


【译文】丹麦侵略军已在切本哈姆扎营准备过冬,阿尔弗雷德便来到此地。


【讲解】these指the Danish invaders。


【单词和短语】


thither:到那儿,向那儿(in that direction),

例如:
How the print of a foot came thither, I knew not, nor could in the last imagine.


那脚印是怎么留在那儿的,我既不知道,也丝毫猜不出。

新概念英语第四册自学导读:第九课王室谍报活动(上).doc

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