2017年职称英语 考试 报名_2017年职称英语综合类B级阅读材料精选(4)

越来越爱肢体接触的美国人

　　《纽约时报》最近报道，美国的青少年现在几乎见到每一个人都会拥抱。与过去见面时的握手问候到分别时的 击 掌 再见不同的是，如今的青少年选择拥抱为他们最新的问候方式。

　　女孩子和男孩子之间都互相相拥抱。并且，最新的潮流是，拥抱的形式有了多种多样的变化。

　　有古典式的、全身式的、手臂的拥抱或是随意的搭肩，群体拥抱和后身拥抱。握手逐渐转变成拥抱，而拥抱又将简化为背后的轻轻一拍。

　　表面看起来这股流行思潮很简单。然而，一些父母，老师和学校管理人员对青少年越来举多地以拥抱的方式打招呼这一趋势表示关切。包括担心有一些人纯粹因为来自同伴的压力而不得不接受这样一种方式，担心那些不接受拥抱这种打招呼方式的人有被边缘化的感觉，甚至担心见面拥抱会成为性骚扰的保护外衣。

　　为了回应社会的这些质疑，一些学校已经建立了一些新的规章来限制和减少拥抱。一位学校的领导提出了将拥抱限制在三秒钟之内的倡议。一些学校甚至在此方面实施了更为严格的规定，甚至严禁任何形式的学生之间的拥抱。

　　这场社会大讨论忽视掉了一些重要的方面。比如，美国从传统来讲在拥抱和亲戚间、恋人间、朋友间、互相拥吻方面就很保守，然而，在世界的一些其他国家，人们世世代代都这样互相问候。

　　在拉丁美洲或西欧，如西班牙、法国、意大利，男女之间甚至不很熟悉的人们互相亲吻面面颊都是很常见的。面颊亲吻有着地域的不同。有时仅仅是擦过脸颊的一吻。在其他地方，最正确的问候是在脸颊两侧各吻一下，甚至有时会再重复亲吻第一次吻过的面颊。

　　拉丁美洲的人们更倾向于问候时候互相握手。但是在一些其他国家，如土耳其，熟人之间互相亲吻面颊是非常正常的。而新西兰的毛利人一种名为”洪基”的问候方式是互相碰触鼻子。

　　所以，从全球角度来讲，美国青少年的互相拥抱毕竟不算是什么新鲜事。全世界的人们都拉近了问候的距离，美国人仅仅是才加入而已。

Americans Get Touchy

　　The New York Times recently reported that American teens are hugging practically everyone they see. Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off “What’s up!” to the handshake or high-five. For young people across the country, hugging is the new “Hello”

　　Girls are hugging girls. Boys are hugging boys. Girls and boys are hugging each other. And, like every major trend, there are lots of variations on the form. There’s the classic, full-body, arms-around-the-person bear hug, the casual one-armed side hug, the group hug and the hug from behind. There’s the handshake that turns into a hug and the hug that turns into a pat on the back.

　　As trends go, this one seems pretty innocent. But some parents, teachers and school administrators are worried nonetheless. Will young people who aren’t as comfortable with physical contact feel peer pressured into hugging? Will kids who don’t receive hugs feel left out? Could an extra-long hug slide into the more ominous territory of sexual harassment?

　　In response to some of these concerns, some schools have set up new rules to limit or eliminate hugging. One school head has created a three-second limitation4 for hugs at her school.

　　A few schools have taken even more drastic measures, placing a ban on all forms of touching between students.

　　A few important points are being left out of the discussion. While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching-saving hugs and kisses for relatives, romantic partners and very close friends - people in many other parts of the world have been greeting each other this way for ages.

　　In Latin America or Western Europe, in countries like Spain, France, and Italy, a kiss on the cheek is common among women, as well as among women and men who are not romantically involved. The cheek-kiss varies by region. Sometimes it is just an air kiss blown past the face. In other places, the proper way of greeting is to deliver a kiss upon both cheeks, or sometimes even a triplet of kisses performed by kissing one cheek, then the other, then back to the first. Latin American men are more likely to shake hands when greeting other men, but in some countries like Turkey, it’s not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek. Meanwhile, for the Maori people of New Zealand, a traditional greeting called the “hongi” involves pressing noses together.

2017年职称英语综合类B级阅读材料精选(4).doc

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