[新概念第三册语法总结]新概念第三册必会语法精粹：倒装

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　　根据语法要求，把谓语动词置于主语前，称为完全倒装，把助动词或情态动词置于主语前，称为部分倒装。

　　1.副词如：in, out, down, there, here, off, over, away, etc. 句子倒装。(完全倒装，但主语不能是代词)

　　Down jumped the murderer from the tenth floor.

　　In came Miss Green.

　　(特别注意：当主语是人称代词时不倒装。)

　　Away she went!(她走了!)

　　Here you are!(你在这儿!)

　　2.only + 副词(介词短语)位于句首，句子要倒装。

　　Only then did he realize that he was mistaken.

　　Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.

　　3.well, so, often, such, few, little 放于句首，句子形成倒装。

　　So fine was the weather that we all went out lying in the sun.

　　Well did I know him and well did he know me.

　　4.否定词或具有否定意义的词及词组用在句首时，句子须倒装。此类词有： neither，nor，hardly，scarcely， rarely，seldom，not，never，not only，barely，at no time，nowhere等。

　　e.g. — Jack could not swim.

　　— Neither could Tom.

　　Never have I seen such a good movie.

　　5.as引导让步状语从句，须倒装。(准确地说，是将需要强调的词提到as的前面。)

　　Rich as he is, he spends a cent on charity.

　　Try as he does, he never seems able to do the work beautifully.

　　6.在表示祝愿的句子中。

　　May you make greater progress! (愿你取得更大进步!)

　　7.在虚拟条件句中，连词if省略时，句型要倒装，即将were, had, should等词提到句首。

　　Were I you, I would go abroad to take advanced study.

　　我要是你，就出国进修了。

　　Should he come tomorrow, he would help us to settle the problem.

　　他要是明天来的话，他会帮我们解决这个问题的。

　　Were they here now, they could help us.

　　= If they were here now, they could help us.

　　Had you come earlier, you would have met him

　　= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

　　Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

　　= Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.注意：

　　在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。

　　If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。

　　If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题

　　_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.

　　A. If were I　B. I were　C. Were I　D. Was I

　　答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.

　　8.百分特例重点：

　　Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want.

　　(NCE Book III Lesson 26)

　　尽管我们为自己的绝好鉴赏力感到自豪，但我们已经无法自由地选择我们所需要的东西了。

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