[新概念英语第二册语法知识点总结]新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson69~71

【#新概念英语# 导语】新概念英语一共144课。整本书无论是语法还是词汇，题材还是语句，都有其出彩之处。正是因为如此，新概念英语更是经久不衰，深受广大英语学习者的喜爱。®文档大全网为您整理了“新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson69~71”，希望可以帮助到您！

新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson69

　　被动语态

　　(1)在第10课、第21课、第34课、第45课与第58课的语法中，我们学习了被动语态的基本形式、它与情态助动词的连用、它在动词+宾语+不定式结构中的使用以及它在过去完成时中的使用：

　　Recently it was damaged by a visitor.

　　最近它被一个客人弄坏了。(一般过去时)

　　Passing planes can be heard night and day.

　　过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。(与情态助动词连用)

　　Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.

　　有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去。(must与被动语态的完成式连用)

　　The bicycle was being sent to his home by train.

　　人们正用火车给他把自行车送回家。(被动语态用于过去进行时)

　　He never expected the thief to be arrested.

　　他从未指望那小偷能被逮着。(被动语态用于复合宾语中的不定式结构中)

　　The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

　　整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。(用于过去完成时)

　　(2)被动语态还可以用于介词+动名词结构中。介词(after, before, on)+动名词这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成，则可以用 after+动名词的完成式表示第1个动作;如果只表示先后顺序，则可用after(或 before)+动名词结构; on+动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生：

　　After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.

　　在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始有了信心。

　　The man called the police after being robbed.

　　那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话。

　　He killed a child before being arrested.

　　他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子。

　　On/After being told that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.

　　她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国。

　　被动语态用于介词+动名词结构在英语中是很正式的用法，一般不用于口语中。

　　(3)被动语态用于 want后面的不定式中时，to be可以省略：

　　I want the luggage fetched from the hotel this afternoon.

　　我希望有人今天下午去把行李从旅馆取回来。

　　want后跟被动语态时往往表示希望别人完成所说的动作。

　　(4)被动语态还可用于过去进行时，以强调动作的持续性：

　　I 'd like to ask a few questions about your latest film.

　　我想就您最近拍的电影问几个问题。

　　Not again! I was being asked about the film all day yesterday!

　　又来了!昨天一整天都有人问我这电影的事!

新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson70

　　与 for, with, of, to, at, from, in, on和 about连用的形容词

　　在第22课与第46课的语法中，我们学习了与of, from, in, on, to, at, for和with连用的动词，知道许多动词都有固定搭配的方式(如believe in, borrow from, occur to, account for 等)。另外，许多动词可以与不同的介词搭配(如 dream of/about, look at/for/after等)。与动词的情况相似，形容词大部分也有与自己固定搭配的介词，并且有些形容词也可以与不同的介词搭配。

　　(1)与 for连用的形容词(包括eager, enough, ready, sorry, famous等)：

　　My aunt is famous for her beauty.

　　我姑姑因貌美而驰名。

　　Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him.

　　甚至连牛好像也在为他感到遗憾。

　　I'm ready for the journey.

　　我已做好旅行的准备。

　　We have enough apples for the children.

　　我们有足够给孩子们吃的苹果。

　　They were eager for the performance to begin.

　　他们热切地等待演出开始。

　　(2)与with连用的形容词(包括angry, busy, content, popular 等)：

　　The bull was busy with the matador at the time.

　　当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士。

　　Why was Mary angry with you?

　　玛丽为何生你的气?

　　She wasn't content with her life.

　　她对自己的生活不满。

　　Uncle Sam is always popular with children.

　　萨姆叔叔总是很受孩子们的欢迎。

　　(3)与of连用的形容词(包括afraid, aware, unaware, careful, certain, kind, north, south, east, west, short, shy, sure等)：

　　The drunk was unaware of the danger.

　　醉汉没有意识到危险。

　　Wallis Island is a long way west of Samoa.

　　瓦立斯岛位于萨摩亚群岛以西很远的地方。

　　I used to be afraid of ghosts.

　　我以前很怕鬼。

　　The drunk seemed quite sure of himself.

　　醉汉像是很有把握似的。

　　It's very kind of you to come to the wedding.

　　非常感谢您来参加婚礼。

　　She is careful of her dress.

　　她注意衣着。

　　Are you certain of his coming?

　　你确信他会来吗?

　　I was short of money at that time.

　　那时我正缺钱。

　　(4)与to连用的形容词(包括close, cruel, dear, new, obvious, polite, sensitive, rude, useful, similar等)：

　　Most people are sensitive to criticism.

　　大部分人对别人的批评很敏感。

　　He was never rude to his parents.

　　他对父母总是以礼相待。

　　I can't understand why he was so cruel to his brother/good to that dog/polite to you.

　　我无法理解他为何对他兄弟如此残忍/对那条狗那么好/对你如此客气。

　　Though the bicycle is old, it is very dear to me.

　　虽然这辆自行车破旧，但我很珍视它。

　　All these words are new to me.

　　所有这些单词我都是第一次遇到。

　　Our house is close to a river.

　　我们家紧挨着一条河。

　　It's obvious to everyone that he's lying.

　　大家都清楚他在撒谎。

　　These books are useful to/for foreign students.

　　这些书对外国学生有用。

　　My car is similar to yours.

　　我的车与你的车相似。

　　(5)与at连用的形容词(包括good, bad, clever, expert, quick, slow等)：

　　Jane is good/bad at swimming.

　　简擅长/不擅长游泳。

　　George is expert at/in flying a plane.

　　乔治驾驶飞机的技术高超。

　　Sally is not/very clever at mathematics, but she's clever at making dresses.

　　萨莉不是很擅长数学，但她擅长做衣服。

　　Tom is quick/slow at learning new things.

　　汤姆学新东西学得快/慢。

　　(6)与 from连用的形容词(包括away, different, far, safe等)：

　　It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.

　　它虽然与现代汽车大赛不大相同，但激动人心的程度并不亚于现代汽车大赛。

　　While you're away from home, I'll look after the children.

　　你不在家时，我会照顾孩子的。

　　The lake is far from London.

　　这湖离伦敦很远。

　　The man was far from comfortable while being confined to the wooden box.

　　那人被闷在木箱里时一点儿也不舒服。

　　The village is safe from floods.

　　这个村子没有遭洪水袭击的危险。

　　(7)与in连用的形容词(包括 fortunate, honest, weak等)：

　　You're fortunate in having a house of your own.

　　你很幸运，有自己的房子。

　　Frank is honest in business.

　　弗兰克做生意老实。

　　I'm weak in/at chemics.

　　我化学较差。

　　(8)与on连用的形容词(包括dependent, intent, keen等)：

　　She was keen on tennis.

　　她热衷于打网球。

　　You shouldn't be so intent on making money.

　　你不应当如此一心只想赚钱。

　　Are you still dependent on your father?

　　你还靠你父亲生活吗?

　　(9)与about连用的形容词(包括 curious, doubtful, right, uneasy 等)：

　　She is uneasy about her future.

　　她为自己的前途担心。

　　He was curious about the strange noise.

　　她对那奇怪的响声好奇。

　　I'm doubtful about/of his words.

　　我对他的话怀疑。

新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson71

　　复习第60～69课部分语法

　　通过这几课的语法学习，我们知道在表示将来时的句子中，要在时间状语从句中使用现在时，同时也要在第1类条件句中用现在时来表示;学习了将来完成进行时和过去完成进行时的形式和用法;学习了第3类条件句、情态助动词 must, have to, should和ought to;学习了用于使役式的动词 have，以及用于介词+动名词结构中的被动语态：

　　The Thompsons will move to a new flat when their baby is born.

　　孩子出生以后，汤普森一家将搬到一套新的公寓去住。

　　By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.

　　到下星期此刻，我就已经为这家公司工作了20年了。(将来完成进行时通常要和某个时间状语连用，这个状语往往表示“到/截止……时候”)

　　Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.

　　消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近三个星期才最后把火势控制住。(过去完成进行时与将来完成进行时一样，也要有时间状语;它们都强调动作的持续性)

　　If I had worked harder at school, I'd have got a better job.

　　要是我上学时勤奋一些，我就会有较好的工作了。(第3 类条件句表示与事实相反的虚拟语气)

　　We should/ought to arrest him, but we shall let him off this time.

　　我们应该逮捕它，但这次我们饶了它。

　　He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.

　　他本该知道警察绝不会允许这类事情发生。(should+ have+过去分词表示过去应该做或完成而没有做的事)

　　The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.

　　法国政府让人把飞机包装起来，一部分一部分地搬回法国。(have+名词/宾格代词+过去分词表示让别人为自己做某事)

　　After being robbed, the man called the police.

　　那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话。(after+动名词的被动形式相当于时间状语从句，但主语必须一致)

新概念英语第二册语法知识点Lesson69~71.doc

本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/2nDT.html