新概念第一册自学导读pdf_新概念第一册自学导读Lessons139-140

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1．Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. 你告诉玛丽，今晚吃饭我们将晚到一会儿。

句中 we will be late…是一个宾语从句，作动词 tell的宾语。

这个宾语从句省略了引导词that。late表示“迟到”的意思时通常作表语，与for连用。

2．by the way, 顺便（问、说一下）。

说话者忽然想到另一件事的时候用此来表示改变话题。

语法 Grammar in use

宾语从句（2）

在以前已介绍过宾语从句一般由that, which和whom引导，它们有时在口语中可以省略。除此之外，宾语从句还可以由when, where, what, why, how以及 if和 whether这些疑问词来引导，而它们在句中往往不能加以省略。无论是that, if还是wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句通常都应以陈述句的形式出现。

请看例句：

She wants to know when you'll have a bath.

她想知道你何时洗澡。

I don't know where she lives.

我不知道她住在哪儿。

He wants to know what you are cooking.

他想知道你在做什么饭。

She wants to know why Mary is late.

她想知道玛丽为何迟到。

He wants to know if you are tired.

他想知道你是否累了。

词汇学习 Word study

1．extra

（1）adj. 额外的；外加的；另外收费的：

Could you get an extra bottle of milk?

请你再拿一瓶牛奶好吗？

On Sundays, she always gets some extra sleep.

星期天她总是比平时多睡一会儿。

Guests at this hotel can use the gym at no extra cost.

这家饭店的客人们可以使用健身房，不再额外收费。

（2）adv. 额外地；另外：

He usually works extra on weekends.

他通常在周末加班。

They'll charge you extra for room service.

饭菜送到房间是要另外收费的。
She is extra nice to her colleagues these days.

这些日子她对她的同事们特别好。

2．overseas

（1）adj. 海外的；国外的：

The university recruits a large number of overseas

students each year.

这所大学每年招收大量的外国留学生。

This small country depends heavily on its overseas trade.

这个小国在很大程度上依赖于其海外贸易。

（2）adv. 在（或向）海外；在（或向）国外：

John is going to work overseas soon.

约翰不久就要出国工作了。

He has never been overseas.

他还从未出过国。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

Lesson 140

A

1 Yes, Graham Turner is speaking to John Smith.

2 Mary invited Mr. and Mrs. Turner to dinner.

3 Graham Turner said he would be there at six o'clock.

4 Because his boss wanted him to do some extra work.

5 No, he doesn't.

6 Mr. Turner's wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.

B

1 I want to know if you are late. Tell me if you are late.

I want to know why you are late. Tell me why you are late.

2 I want to know if you are dirty. Tell my if you are dirty.

I want to know why you are dirty. Tell me why you are dirty.

3 I want to know if you are lazy. Tell me if you are lazy.

I want to know why you are lazy. Tell me why you are lazy.

4 I want to know if you are busy. Tell me if you are busy.

I want to know why you are busy. Tell me why you are busy.

C

1 I want to know if you are writing. Tell me if you are writing.

I want to know what you are writing. Tell me what you are writing.

2 I want to know if you are cooking. Tell me if you are cooking.

I want to know what you are cooking. Tell me what you are cooking.

3 I want to know if you are painting. Tell me if you are painting.

I want to know what you are painting. Tell me what you are painting.

4 I want to know if you are playing. Tell me if you are playing.

I want to know what you are playing. Tell me what you are playing.

D

1 I want to know if Tom got up early. Tell me if Tom got up early.

I want to know when Tom got up. Tell me when Tom got up.

2 I want to know if Tom arrived late. Tell me if Tom arrived late.

I want to know when Tom arrived. Tell me when Tom arrived.

3 I want to know if Tom did his homework yesterday. Tell me if Tom did his homework yesterday.

I want to know when Tom did his homework yesterday. Tell me when Tom did his homework yesterday.

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