[新概念第二册课文原文及翻译]新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson79、80、81】

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《新概念英语》第二册第79课: By air

【课文】

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

Why did the plane turn back?

I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.

【课文翻译】

我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。我的父母曾经住在南美洲，所以假期里我常从欧洲乘飞机到他们那里。我总是由一位空中乘务员照管，从未遇到过不愉快的经历。我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只是有一次把我吓坏了。起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。这时飞机突然调转头来，飞回了机场。在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声不响地离开飞机。飞机上的人都很着急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后来我们才得知，飞机上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人报告警察，说飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。幸运的是，什么也没有找到。5个小时后，我们又起飞了。

【生词汇总】

parent n. 父(母)亲

flight attendant 空中乘务员

frightened adj. 害怕，担惊

curious adj. 急于了解，好奇的

bomb n. 炸弹

plant v. 安放

【知识点讲解】

1. I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy.

我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。

①used to +do 表示过去常常做某事，而be used to +doing 则表示习惯做某事。

②by+交通工具 这个也是一个很常见的用法，表示乘坐某某工具。

③a great deal 表示很多，大量。如果修饰名词则为a great deal of+n，这里名词则为不可数名词。

You have spent a great deal of time and effort on this project, I believe you will succeed.

你在这个项目上花了大量时间和心血，我相信你会成功的。

④这个句子是一个时间状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词，有时when就表示“就在那时”。如：

When I studied in the library, She called me.

我在图书馆学习的时候她给我来电话了。

2. take charge of 照管，负责，担任

in charge of 管理，负责照料 in the charge of 由……照顾

Don't worry, I will take charge of the baby when you are away.

别担心，你不在的时候我会照顾好孩子的。

3. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport.

起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。

①这是一个after引导的时间状语从句，表示主句动作fly发生在从句动作take off之后。类似的句子比如：

After her made the statement, we knew how the accident happened.

在她做完陈述后我们了解了整个事故的经过。

②词组take off除了表示起飞，还可表示脱掉;出名;匆匆离开;取消等。 turn round 旋转;转身;改变

4. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down.

在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声不响地离开飞机。

①land 着陆;登岸;下(船、飞机等)，相反地，上船、飞机等则是board。

land at +someplace 在某处着陆 /登岸

②keep calm →keep+adj. 保持某种状态 如keep silent 保持安静;保持沉默

③as soon as 一……就……，刚……便…… 表示“A事情发生以后，就做B这件事”，这个短语在句子中的位置很灵活，可以用于各种时态。

As soon as I came in the room, the door bell rang.

我刚进房间门铃就响了。

I will call you as soon as I arrives in Beijing.

我一到北京就给你打电话。

④touch down 【航空】着陆 【橄榄球】触地得分

《新概念英语》第二册第80课: The Crystal Palace

【课文】

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

How many people visited the Great Exhibition of 1851?

Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteeth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer. Though in those days, traveling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.

【课文翻译】

19世纪最不寻常的建筑也许要数水晶宫了，它是为1851年的“世界博览会”而建在海德公园的。这座水晶宫不同于世界上所有的其他建筑，因为它是用钢和玻璃建成的。它是有史以来大的建筑物之一，因此，人们从各个国家纷纷前来参观。大量的商品从世界各地运送到了博览会，参展的还有很多机器，其中最奇妙的是内史密斯的蒸汽锤。尽管在当时旅行不像现在这么容易，但汽船还是把成千上万的参观者从欧洲大陆送过了英吉利海峡。一到英国，火车就把他们送到了水晶宫。参观的人数总共是600万。博览会的赢利用来建造博物馆和高等学校。后来，“水晶宫”被移到了伦敦南部。在1936年被焚毁之前，它一直是世界上最的建筑物之一。

【生词汇总】

palace n. 宫殿

extraordinary adj. 不平常的，非凡的

exhibition n. 展览

iron n. 铁

various adj. 各种各样的

machinery n. 机器

display n. 展览

steam n. 蒸汽

profit n. 利润

college n. 学院

【知识点讲解】

1. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass.

这座水晶宫不同于世界上所有的其他建筑，因为它是用钢和玻璃建成的。

①be different from 和……不同;不同于

His personality is quite different from his brother's.

他的性格跟他哥哥截然不同。

②for it was made of iron and glass.

这个句子里for后面的分句表示原因、理由，是对前面分句的补充说明。

be made of 由……制成，表示可以看得出原材料，而be made from+材料，表示制作出的东西看不出原材料。

2. a great many 许多，大量 修饰可出名词，等同于a good many。而a great deal of也可表示许多，大量，但后面只接不可数名词。

As the National Day is coming, there are a great many people in the railway station.

国庆节即将来临，火车站全是人。

3. traveling was not as easy as it is today.

在当时旅行不像现在这么容易。

as…as 与……等同，达到与……相同的程度 用于副词和形容词之间，以构成比较句型，其中后面一个as用做连词。

The prices of commodities here are not as expensive as that in Shanghai.

这里的物价并不像上海那么高。

4. There was also a great deal of machinery on display.

①on display / on show 展出的，在句子中可以作状语、定语或表语等等。

②machinery 机器、机械装置的总称，是集合名词，be动词用单数。当指某个具体的机器时可用machine或a piece of machinery来表示。

5. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train.

一到英国，火车就把他们送到了水晶宫。

on+doing 相当于时间状语，表示“一……就……” 上述句子相当于Soon after they arrived in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train.

6. they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train.

上面这句里面were taken to是个被动语态形式。

被动语态就是主语时动作的承受者。在汉语中我们常用“被”“由”来表达这种被动语态。

被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，如有必要强调动作的执行者，则动作执行者可由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、树、时态和语气的不同而变化。例如：

I was told that I should work overtime during the holiday.

我被告知节假日里要加班。

The expressway is being repaired by the workers.

工人们正在修高速公路。

《新概念英语》第二册第81课: Escape

【课文】

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

Why did the prisoner attack the driver?

When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

【课文翻译】

那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，迅速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走看。他听得军营里面的喧闹声。那里灯火通明，人们在东奔西跑：他们刚刚发现有一个俘虏跑了。正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个军官。军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。他们走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人显然是想聊天。他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。战俘为他感到惋惜，但却没有别的选择。当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他*在地，然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。

【生词汇总】

prisoner n. 囚犯

bush n. 灌木丛

rapidly adv. 迅速地

uniform n. 制服

rifle n. 来福枪，步枪

shoulder n. 肩

march v. 行进

boldly adv. 大胆地

blaze v. 闪耀

salute v. 行礼

elderly adj. 上了年纪的

grey adj. 灰白的

sharp adj. 猛烈的

blow n. 打击

【知识点讲解】

1. When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.

这个句子里he和the prisoner是同一个人，在叙述时为了避免重复，就将其中一个用代词表示。

drag、draw和pull都有拖、拽的意思，它们的区别如下：

drag: 指沿斜坡而上或水平方向缓慢地拖或拉十分沉重的人或物。作借喻时可指把人硬拉过来。

draw: 指将人或物朝出力者的方向拖，不涉及力的大小，含平稳意味，常作借喻用。

pull: 最普通用词，包含本组其它各词的一些意思，可指朝各个方向拉，侧重一时或突然拉动的动作。

2. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.

现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走看。

①dress in+sth 穿上某物;乔装打扮

She dressed in blue evening dress to attend the banquet.

她穿着蓝色晚礼服去参加晚宴。

②march up and down 来回踱步，走来走去

3. He could hear shouting in the camp itself.

他听得军营里面的喧闹声。

①hear同see、watch、feel、notice等感观动词一样，其宾语后所接的不定式不含to。例如：

I often hear her sing.

我常听到她唱歌。

但当hear用于被动语态时，不定式中要含to。

She is often heard to sing.

人们经常听到她唱歌。

②hear的宾语后既可接不定式，也可接动名词。但是在表示“故意听……”时，只能用不定式。

I often hear her sing.

I often hear her singing.

hear from sb. 接到……的信 hear about / of 听说

4. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.

军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。

① stand to attention 立正，当在军事训练中喊到“立正”这一口号时可直接用“Attention”表示。

② salute 及物动词 表示“行礼、致意、问候”。

We salute the flag every Monday at school.

我们在学校每周一向国旗行礼。

③ pass 经过;传递;通过

We passed slowly down the hill in the afternoon.

下午时我们慢慢向山下移动。

pass by 经过 pass over 忽视，放过 pass on 传递，传授

pass out 昏倒，失去知觉 pass for 被当作

5. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.

当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他*在地。

① come near 走近，接近;几乎

② knock to the ground *在地

③ 这个句子是由as引导的时间状语从句。

我们目前接触得比较多的时间状语从句多由when、while、as引导。

A. when引导 a. 表示“当……的时候” 可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用。例如：

When I get the result, I will tell you right away.

当我知道结果后我就立马告诉你。

b. 表示“正当……的时候” 相当于be about to do sth. when

I was watching a movie when he called me.

他给我打电话时我正在看电影。

B. while引导 a. 表示“当……的时候” 与延续性动词连用，主要强调的是主语的谓语动词表示的动作发生在从句谓语动词表示的动作期间，即在一个过程中插入某动作。

While I was in my postgraduate study, I enjoyed reading in the library.

在我研究生学习阶段，我特别喜欢去图书馆看书。

b. 表示“然而”，做并列连词，表示转折。

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。

C. as引导 a. 表示“一边……一边……”

The students danced as they sang.

学生们一边唱歌一边跳舞。

b. 表示“随着”

As the time goes on, her sorrow gradually fades.

随着时间的流逝，她的悲伤渐渐消散。

新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson79、80、81】.doc

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