新概念第一册自学导读pdf-新概念第一册自学导读Lessons115-116

语法 Grammar in use

不定代词

（1）every（每一），no（无），any（若干）及some（一些）可与one，thing构成复合代词，与where构成复合副词。不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语。

A作主语：

这些代词作主语时都作单数看待，因此使用单数谓语动词。

Everyone is asleep.

大家都睡了。

Everything is untidy.

一切都乱糟糟的。

Nobody has told me about it.

没有人告诉过我有关这件事的情况。

B作宾语：

I've got nothing to wear.

我没有穿的衣服了。

I've heard nothing.

我没听到什么动静。

I saw no one.

我谁也没有看到。

C作表语：

There's nothing on the shelf.

架子上什么也没有。

There's somebody in the garden.

花园里有个人。

That's nothing.

那没什么。

（2）与some与any的用法一样，somebody/someone/ something/ somewhere一般用于肯定句； anybody/anyone/anything/ anywhere用于疑问句与否定句；nothing/nobody/no one/ nowhere相当于 not anything/anybody/anyone/anywhere:

Someone is asking to see you.

有人要求见你。

There's something under that chair!

那个椅子下有个什么东西！

I don't know anyone here.

这儿我谁也不认识。

Is there anything on this shelf?

这个架子上有什么东西吗？

I went nowhere.(=I didn't go anywhere.)

我哪儿也没去。

I saw no one.(=I didn't see anyone.)

我谁也没看到。

词汇学习 Word study

1．invite v.

（1）邀请：

We're inviting our colleagues to the party.

我们将邀请我们的同事参加这个聚会。

I hate people who invite themselves.

我讨厌不请自来的客人。

（2）请求；要求：

We invite readers' letters for this magazine.

本杂志欢迎读者来信。

The speaker paused, seeming to invite questions from the audience.

演讲者稍停了一下，似乎在期待听众们提出问题。

2．joke

（1）v.开玩笑：

She's only joking with you.

她只是在跟你开玩笑。

（2）v.取笑：

Aren't you joking me?

你不是在取笑我吧？

（3）n.玩笑；笑话：

The whole thing was a complete joke.

整件事完全是个笑话。

Don't get angry----it was only a joke!

别生气——那只是一个玩笑而已

练习答案 Key to written exercises

Lesson 116

A

1 I did nothing.

2 I saw no one.

3 I went nowhere.

4 I met nobody.

B

1 No, I didn't hear anything. I heard nothing.

2 No, I didn' t speak to anyone. I spoke to nobody.

3 No,I didn't go anywhere. I went nowhere.

4 No, I didn't buy anything. I bought nothing.

5 No,I didn't write to anybody. I wrote to nobody.

6 No, I didn't meet anyone. I met no one.

C

1 Everyone's looking out of the window.

2 Everyone's hurrying to work.

3 Everyone's eating.

4 Everyone's drinking lemonade.

D

1 No, I haven't got anything to eat. I've got nothing to eat.

He's got something to eat.

2 No, I haven't got anything to do. I've got nothing to do.

They've got something to do.

3 No, I haven't got anything to drink. I've got nothing to drink.

She's got something to drink.

4 No, I haven't got anything to read. I've got nothing to read.

He's got something to read.

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