形容词和副词
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对于形容词和副词的考察主要在于： 1. 形容词和副词的混用。2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的使用。 用法 例句 I wish you a pleasant journey to Beijing. The food smells delicious I thought it difficult to learn English well He was doing it simply because he loved to walk and discover. He must be mentally disabled. Tom talked to me loudly just now. 例子 great-greater-greatest brave-braver-bravest happy-happier-happiest big-bigger-biggest 形容词副词修饰名词或代词做定语 主系表结构中做表语 做宾补，对宾语进行补充说明 修饰句子 修饰形容词/副词 修饰动词 3.形容词和副词的比较级或最高级的规则变化 变化规则 在单音节词末尾直接加-er或-est 单音节词如果以-e结尾，加-r或-st 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，要变y为i再加-er或-est 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-er或-est 不规则变化 多音节词和部分双音节在单词的前面加单词more或most more difficult-most difficult 原级 good / well bad / ill many / much little old far 比较级 better worse more less farther表示距离上更远 further表示程度上更进一步 最高级 best worst most least farther/further farthest/ furthest 4.表示“使…”的动词比如：excite, bore, confuse, disappoint一般都有两个形容词，一个是现在分词转化成的形容词，多表示主语所具有的特征，翻译成“令人…的”；另一个是过去分词转化成的形容词，多表示主语所处的状态，翻译成“…的”。 exciting:令人兴奋的/excited:兴奋的； boring:令人厌烦的/bored:厌烦的 confusing:令人迷惑的/confused迷惑的；disappointing:令人厌烦的/disappointed:厌烦的 5.同根副词的误用： hard hardly high highly almost mostly=mainly late later lately= recently latest near older（做表语或定语） elder(定语) older/elder oldest/ eldest 努力地 几乎不 高，在高处 高度地 几乎，差不多 主要地，通常 迟到，迟发生 后来，以后 最近，近来 最近的，最新的 (时间，距离)“近，接近” He works very hard She hardly goes out at night The plane is flying high We all think highly of her Almost no one believed him. We are mostly out on Sundays My flight was an hour late I met her again three years later Have you seen her lately Have you heard the latest news Bob lives near our school nearly 几乎，差不多 It’s nearly ten o’clock 6.形容词和副词的比较级可以用much, far, even, still, rather, some, any, a little, a lot,等词修饰; The task proved to be very more difficult than we had expected. 7.the+比较级,the+比较级“越……，越……” It is believed that the harder you work, the better result you will get. 8.形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级的含义。 ----How do you like the house ----It’s great, and I couldn’t have found a _____(good) one. 及时跟踪练习一（短改） 1. She pretended to be friend to me. 2. Nowadays, we can receive the late news from different medias. 3. Tom is particular interested in English. 4. I call my father every week, most on Saturdays. 5. All teachers think high of her. 6. It is possibly that he will be here in time. 7. Pay specially attention to the sign of the answer. 8. This is a most wonderful movie. I have never seen a good one before. 9. Late, Vivian began to feel sorry that she had been rude to her mom. 10. His good manners made a deeply impression on us. 11. If all the people drive environment friendly cars in the future, there will be fewer pollution in the air. 12. It was raining more harder and harder. And we had to rush into a restaurant. 13. He is probable to come to help us if he doesn’t have to attend the meeting. 14. She wanted to thank him for the greatly influence he had on her life. 15. Miriam was too frightening to tell her family what had happened. 及时跟踪练习二（语法填空） 1. I ______(usual) work eight hours a day. 2. I spent a _______(relax) afternoon in the garden. 3. The sooner you give up smoking, the _______(good) it will be. 4. I've seen poverty, and I now have a good job and live ________(comfort). 5. Her sweet voice sounds very_______(beauty). 6. What you are studying is _______(bad) needed nowadays in our country. 7. I am so ______(excite) that you have passed the exam. 8. You won’t be able to get any ______(far) information until tomorrow. 9. I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and _______(little) aggressive. 10. As we all know, computers are getting more and more _______(use). 11._______( fortunate) the scientist died of illness. 12. China has become the second _______(big) emitter(排放者) of green house gases. 13. A face to face deal makes online shopping less ____(rely) and trustworthy. 14. I don’t think it is ________(suit) to drink. 15. The lawyer presented more and more evidence, and ________(eventual), the criminal had to admit his guilt. 答案详解： 及时跟踪练习一（短改） 1.把friend改为friendly“友好的”。很多以“ly”结尾的单词是形容词而不是副词，比如：lovely“可爱的”，deadly“致命的”，lonely“孤独的”，orderly“整齐的，有秩序的”等。 2.把late改为latest“最新的”。 3.把particular改为particularly.副词修饰形容词。 4.把most改为mostly. most“最大程度地，极度地”，mostly“主要地，多半，通常”。 5.把high改为highly. think highly of “对……高度评价”。 6.把possibly改为possible. possibly是副词，possible是形容词,此处该用形容词做表语。 7.把specially改为special.此处要用形容词修饰名词attention。 8.把good改为better. 形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级的含义。 9.把Late改为Later. late“迟到，迟发生”； later“后来。改的时候注意“L”大写。 10.把deeply改为deep. deep既可以做形容词也可以做副词而deeply只能做副词, 此处要用形容词deep修饰名词impression。 11.把fewer改为less. pollution为不可数名词，所以要用little的比较级less修饰。 12.把more去掉. hard为单音节词变比较级的时候不需要加more，而且后面的harder and harder已经是比较了。 13.把probable改为likely. probable和likely都表示“可能性”，但是人做主语只能用likely. 14.把greatly改为great。修饰名词要用形容词。 15.把frightening改为frightened. frightening“令人害怕的”， frightened“害怕的” 跟踪练习二（语法填空） 1.此处填usually,副词做状语，修饰后面的动词work。 2.此处填relaxing“令人放松的”，修饰afternoon. 3.此处填better, the+比较级,the+比较级: “越……，越……”。 4.此处填comfortably.修饰动词live要用副词。 5.此处填beautiful. sound是系动词，其后用形容词做表语。 6.此处填badly. badly“非常，严重地”，副词修饰动词。 7.此处填excited. exited“兴奋的”， 形容词做表语。 8.此处填further. 根据句意可知是“更进一步的信息”，所以此处要填比较级。 9.此处填less.根据前面的more可知此处应填比较级less. 10.此处填useful. get是系动词，所以要用形容词做表语。 11.此处填Unfortunately，副词做状语修饰后面整句话。 12.此处填biggest.“序数词+最高级”表示“第几最…..的”。 13.此处填reliable. 形容词做宾补，而且和trustworthy在词性上保持一致。 14.此处填suitable.形容词做表语。 15.此处填eventually,副词做状语，修饰后面整句话。 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/2f5bad78ca50ad02de80d4d8d15abe23492f037d.html