新纪元外语培训学校 词汇语法教学 第一讲 一．词汇： 学习用具类： rubber（eraser） 橡皮擦 尺 ruler pen pencil 钢笔 铅笔 ink sicssors knife paper glue dictionary 墨水 剪刀 小刀 纸 胶水 字典 pencil-box(case) 铅笔盒 书 book notebook exercise-book schoolbag desk chair 笔记本 练习本 书包 课桌 椅子 pencil-sharpener 卷笔刀 蜡笔 crayon stapler storybook tape 订书机 故事书 胶带 名词单数变复数规则-「速记口诀」 单数变复数，规则要记住，一般加s，特殊有几处：/s/结尾，es不离后，末尾字母o，大多加s，两人有两菜，es不离口，词尾f、fe，s前有v和e; 没有规则词，必须单独记。 「妙语诠释」①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato)加es外，其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—teeth. 二．句型： 陈述句： This is…. This is a book. That is …. That is a pen. It is…. It is a desk. These are …. These are books. Those are …. Those are pens. They are …. They are desks. this（这个）指较近的物体。复数 these that（那个）指较远的物体。复数 those it（它）既可以指较近的物体，也可以指较远的物体。 复数 they 练习一：用以下的图片造句。 1 （远） 问句 What is this? What are these? What is that? What are those? What is it? What are they? This is a book. These are books. That is a pen. Those are pens. It is a desk. They are desks. 1. 一般来说回答这种提问时，可以按照上面的表格给出的例句那样，用this问，用this答，用that问，用that答。同样用these或者those提问时，既可以分别用句中的代词回答，也可以用they回答。 2. “ What is….?”除了可以用于询问单数的物体外，还可以用于询问不可数的物体， 如:What is that ? It is some water. 3. What is this ? = What’s this ? What is that ?= What’s that ? It is…= It’s…. They are….=They’re…. 练习二：对所给的句子提问。 1. This is an apple. 2. These are cars. 3. They are yellow cups. 4. That is a frog. 5. It is a exercise-book. 练习三：看图说说问句和答句。 （远） （远） 2 （远） 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/429c8503a6c30c2259019e86.html