2020年高考复习：人教版高三英语unit2知识点
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高三英语Unit 2 Crossing Limits 知识点 吴 疆 1. evaluate vt.评价, 估计（数量等）, 求...的值v.评价 It’s hard to evaluate her as an artist.要评价她作为一个艺术家的价值很难。 →evaluation n./c,u/ 评价；估计 value vt.评价，估计，估量 He valued his house for me at $800 value sb. advice 重视某人的建议。 2. in the name of 以…的名义；凭 I greet you in the name of the President.(代表总统) I arrest you in the name of the law. (依法) In God’s name, what are you doing? (苍天在上) They did it all in the name of friendship. (出于友谊) [拓展]The boy was named George after his uncle. 那孩子随他舅父的名子取名乔治。 He escaped under the name of Tom. 他化名为Tom逃跑了 name构成的短语： by name用（靠、按）名字，名叫 by the name of名叫…… name after以……命名 name the price开价 name a date指定日期 3. equip v.(equipped, equipped) equip…with = supply …with 用…装备 You’d better equip your bike with a head light. 你最好在自行车装个前灯。 They have equipped the army with modern weapons. 他们已经为部队装备了现代化的武器。 The army has been equipped with modern weapons. （被动语态） 4. take possession of占领，占有 get possession of拿到，得到 in one's [sb.'s] possession (=in the possession of sb.) (某物)为某人所占有[持有] The capitalist is in possession of a large fortune.那个资本家拥有大宗财产。 A large fortune is in the possession of the capitalist. 大宗财产掌握在那个资本家手中。 5. masses of/a mass of + countable noun(pl form)/+uncountable noun in the mass总体上，总的说来 the mass of大多数的 mass education群众教育 a mass meeting群众会议 The young dancers worked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took masses of pictures of them.（许多） 6. do research on a state key project就国家重点工程进行研究 adj 重要的 a key school 7. alternative n.二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物 拘束 These things can all be manufactured at home. 这些东西国内都能制造。 I am completely at home in mathematics. 我精通数学。 He feels at home in my home. 他在我家无拘无束。 →exchange v. 交换 exchage sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物 国内外 at home and abroad exchge sth. for sth. 以…交换… 25. various adj. 各种各样的，不同的 14. take sb. prisoner逮捕/capture sb. 俘获，捉拿 He analysed the various factors.他分析了各种不同因 put sb. in prison/take sb. to prison/send sb. to prison 素。 把……关进监狱 throw sb. into prison把……投进监狱 → vavy v.变化，有不同；改变 15. wander vi/vt ⑴漫游，游荡；徘徊，流浪⑵(人、思variety n.种类，变化 ，多样化 adj.选择性的, 二中择一的 想)走神 various, varied都可作“各种各样的”解，大部分情况Have you got an alternative=another suggestion? wander through France 在法国各地漫游 下可通用，但varied可表示“正在变化之中的”，a varied 你有没有其它建议？ The children wandered around the town with nothing life。 Caught in the act,he had no alternative/choice but to to do.那些孩子无所事事，在街上闲逛。 26. suggest vt. confess. 他被当场抓获，除了招供别无选择。 His mind wanders at times.有时候她精神恍惚。 （1）提议，建议。后跟动名词、that从句（从句中8. available adj.可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, The boy wandered the neighbourhood, looking for the 谓语动词用should do, should可省略） This was the only available room. 这是唯一可以利dog.那孩子走遍了邻里街坊，找他那条狗。 suggest sth. to sb. 16. reach out to sp./reach sp./come to sp. arrive at(in) sp. 到达 用的房间。 suggest doing sth. 17. date from/back to 追溯到… You will be informed when the book becomes He suggested the idea to me.他向我提出那种想法。 available. 这本书有货时就通知你。 The castle dates back to/dates from the 14th century.这I suggest going there at once.我建议立刻去那里。 Tickets are available at the box office. 票房有票。 座城堡建于14世纪。 The teacher suggested that we do our homework now.老9. accurate adj. 精确的，准确的，正确无误的 18. ripe adj.成熟的； (准备、计划、时机)成熟的 师建议我们现在就做作业。 His information was accurate. 他的信息很准确。 By the beginning of the 15th century the time was ripe for （2）表明，暗示 (不用虚拟语气) accurate强调“精确无误”。 a grand meeting. 到15世纪初大型聚会的时机成熟了。 His pale face suggests that he is ill.他的苍白的脸色表correct按一定标准没有差错。 Was the peach ripe or green? 那桃子是熟的还是生明他病了。 a correct answer正确的答案 的？ 27. accomplish vt.达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计an accurate calculation精确的计算 19. prosper under a new dynasty在新的朝代下繁荣昌盛 划） This task is accomplished by great effort. 完成这项right很多情况下可与correct互换，但常有道德上→prosperity n.幸运; 顺利； 兴旺, 繁荣 任务花了很大力气。 认可的含义.the right course of action正确的行动方针 The business is prospering. 生意兴隆。 He accomplished a great deal during his first year. 第一9. the Silk Road 丝绸之路 He wished the young couple a life of happiness and 年他就取得了很多成绩。 10. search(…) for prosperity. 他祝这对新人生活幸福，万事如意。 It is the workers who will accomplish this task. 就是工人他们正在村里搜查那个强盗。 20. renew relations with恢复同…..的关系 们将完成这项任务。 They are searching for the robber in the village. 21. excite one’s curiosity激起……的好奇心 accomplish指做到底，实现一个计划，如：to accomplish They are searching the village for the robber. 22. send a message to sb.向……发出邀请/信息 a trip完成一次旅行 11. have contacts with有接触/联系 23. response n.应答，回答，反应 finish指完成日常的事，如：He finished the homework. get (come) in (into) contact with 与…接触 a quick response 迅速的答复 他完成了作业。 keep/lose in contact with与…保持/失去联系 He made/gave no response to my question.他没有回答我complete指加上缺少的部分，如：to complete the make contact with（想办法）联络… 的问题。 sentence把句子补充完整 12. find one’s way feel one’s way摸索着走 in response to 作为对…的答复（反应） 28. apart from 除……外 ；除了 ……还有 fight one’s way奋勇前进 wind one’s way曲折前进 24. at home 在国内；在家；精通, 对…内行；随便, 不Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad job.除工资（偏低）make one’s way去……途中 lose one’s way迷路 13. in exchange for交换，互换 He gave me an apple in exchange for a cake.他给我一 个苹果，换一块蛋糕。 They were given food and shelter in exchange for work.他们用劳动换取食物和栖身之处。 外，这工作不错。 Apart from you and me, I don’t think there was anyone there under thirty.除你我之外，我认为没有人在30岁以下。 Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher. There can be no knowledge apart from practice.不可能有脱离实践的知识。 归纳拓展：apart from，in addition（to），besides，as well（as），except for，except，but （1）apart from这个复合介词兼有“除外”和“包括”的双重意义。 （2）以下短语或单词意义相近，均表示“除……之外还有……” in addition（to） besides，as well （as） （3）以下短语或单词均表示“除……之外没有……”这一“排除”意义。except for except but 29. arise vi. 出现，发生；由……引起，由……发生 A difficulty arose right here. 困难就在这里。 How did the quarrel arise? 这次争吵是怎么引起的？ Originally, organic compounds were thought to arise from life processes. 最初有机化合物是由生命过程产生的。 rise vi.升起，上涨；raise vt.举起，提高，提升，提出；饲养（羊、鸡等），抚养（子女等），招募（军队等），募捐（钱等）。 30. bring up教育；养育;提出；引出;呕吐； to bring up the question 提出问题 She was brought up by her grandparents. 养育；抚养 He brought up all the food he had eaten.呕吐 归纳拓展： bring in获利；赚; bring about 带来,引起; bring down使……降低 The boys bring in ￡60 a week. 这些男孩子每周赚60镑。 How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?去年副业使这家农户增加了多少收入? The Internet has brought about big changes in the way we work. 因特网使我们的工作方式发生了很大变化。 We’d better wait till they bring down their prices. 我们最好等他们降价。 31. run out of 用光，用尽 We are running out of water.我们的水要用尽了。 We ran out of petrol yesterday.昨天我们用光了汽油。 比较：All our supply of food has run out.我们所有的食品供应都用光了。 We decided we had better go home, before our money ran out. 我们决定最好在钱用光之前回家。 表示“用光、用尽”的还有：use up, give out All those I had are used up.我所有的都用光了。 They have used up their money.他们用光了钱。 The fuel gave out.燃料用光了。 You can’t have a hot bath—the water will give out.你不能洗热水澡了。要没水了。 从以上例子可看出，虽然这些词组都表示“用光、用完”，但use up, run out of 为及物动词，而run out, give out为不及物动词。 归纳拓展: run into遇上，偶然遇到;陷于，碰上（困境、麻烦等） I ran into Emma on my way home.我在回家的路上碰到了Emma。 If you run into difficulties, try to overcome them.如遇困难，要努力去克服。 32. puzzle n./c/ 难题；难解之事 solve a ~ 解决难题；remain a ~ 仍是个谜 a crossword / jigsaw ~ 纵横彭填字谜/拼图游戏 a ~ about 关于…的谜 vt./ vi 使迷惑，使困窘 This sentence puzzles me. （常与over/about连用）苦想，使苦思 The old general was puzzling over the old map. 老将军对着那张旧地图苦苦思索着。 33. Asian---Asia African---Africa European---Europe American---America 34.awareness--- aware adj. 知道的；明白的 I was not aware of the fire. We were quite aware (of) how you would respond to our terms. 35. existence n.存在，生存 the existence of God 上帝的存在 The elephant is the largest land animal in existence. 现存的；现有的 This new country came into existence in 1951.产生；成立 →exist vi.存在; 生存；活着 Contradictions exist everywhere. Salt exists mostly in sea water. So poor they can hardly exist. One cannot exist without air. 36. command vt./vi. ①（常与to, that连用）命令；指挥； I command you to go. A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers. The teacher commanded that he (should) go out of the classroome. ②博得；赢得 command respect 使人不得不肃然起敬 Einstain was really a great man who is able to command everyone's respect. ③掌握；控制；对…有支配权 to command oneself 控制自己 He commands a great sum of money. ④ 俯视；俯临 His house commands a fine view of the town. 从他家俯瞰，镇上景色一览无余。 command n. 命令; 控制；统率 obey command 服从命令 The army is under the king's command. 司令官 a high command (空军）大队 an air command 运用能力；掌握 She has a good command of the French language. 37. volunteer n.志愿者 vt., vi.（常与to连用）自愿去做，主动请求去做 We want some volunteers to help paint the house. 我们想要几个自愿帮助漆房屋的人。 We all volunteered to paint the house. 我们都自愿漆这房子。 38. sum n.总数， 总和 the sum of incomes 合计，总计 He paid a large/small sum of money for the house. 他出一大/小笔钱买了这所房子。 in sum=sum up总而言之; 总之 To sum up, he agrees with us. 39. dedicate vt. 贡奉；奉献 dedicate to 献身于 He dedicated his first book to his mother. 他把第一本书献给他母亲。 dedication n. 献身；奉献 题献词；献词 40. refer to涉及；提到 查资料；参考 针对；有关 When I said someone was lazy, I wasn’t referring to you. refer to the dictionary The new law does not refer to farm land. 新法律与耕地无关。 refer … to…提交；交付 The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers. 商店把投诉转交给制造商。 reference n. （与to连用）提及；涉及;参考；查询; 证明；鉴定 reference book 参考书，工具书 Keep this dictionary for reference. 这本词典留着查阅用。 When I was looking for a job, I asked my head teacher to give me a reference.当我在找工作时，我向我的班主任要一份关于我情况的证明。 41. evidence n. （常与for, of连用）证据；证词 Can you show me any evidence for your statement? 你能给我看你供词的证据吗？ in evidence 明显的，显而易见的 Mrs Jones was much in evidence at the party. 琼斯夫人在晚会上很突出。 evidence vt., vi. 证实，证明 The police have evidence that the killer was an old woman. "警察有证据证明,凶手是个老年妇女。" 42. praise n&vt. 称赞；赞美 She praised her daughter's hard work. 她赞扬女儿的辛勤工作。 praise sb for sth to speak in praise of a friend 称赞一位朋友 He gave a speech in praise of the school. 他在讲话中称赞了这所学校。 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/556d25d3571252d380eb6294dd88d0d232d43c6f.html