现在分词的加法 2

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一.现在分词的加法:

英语知识点详解

1.动词词尾直接ing 例如:cry-crying fly-flying

see-seeing sing-singing work-working eat-eating walk-walking listen-listening 2.以不发音的e结尾的去e ing 例如:

write-writing make-making live-living take-taking give-giving wake-waking

3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,应先双写这一字母,再加ing 例如:put-putting swim-swimming cut-cutting sit-sitting hit-hitting shop-shopping stop-stopping begin-beginning plan-planning(计划) 二.名词的复数:

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式经常在单数形式的后面加“- s或“- es ’’构成。这是规则变化,除此之外,还有不规则变化。 1.名词复数规则变化:

一般情况下名词复数的变化是在可数名词的词尾加-s构成复数。读音为 [ s ],[ z ] [ iz] 例如:book-books [buks] top-tops boy-boys toy-toys car-cars eraser-erasers

apple-apples girl-girls radio-radios knee-knees house-houses bed-beds

boot-boots kind-kinds

2.s,x,ch,sh 结尾的名词加es 构成复数,读音为[iz] 例如:class-classes box-boxes bus-buses dish-dishes watch-watches glass-glasses

ch 读【k】时,其复数应加-s 如:stomach-stomachs(肚子)

3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要将y 变为 i 再加 es 变为复数,读【iz】如:city-cities [sitiz],lady-ladies [leidiz] family-families baby-babies body-bodies 4.f,fe 结尾的名词,通常要将ffe 变为 v,再加es,[z]

knife--knives[naivz] wife-wives leaf-leaves 但有的词要直接加s,[s]音。roof-roofs chief-chiefs 5. o 结尾的名词,有些加es 读【z】音,有些直接加-s . potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes photo photos radio-radios piano-pianos zoo-zoos

巧妙记忆法:1)两人两菜es(negro,hero,potato,tomato) 2)一句话(Negroes and heroes like potatoes and tomatoes

3)有生命的加es (heroespotatoes ),无生命的加s (zoo-zoos,piano-pianos) 6.单复数同形:sheep-sheep deer-deer Chinese-Chinese people-people Japanese-Japanese

7.某国人变复数,可用口诀记忆:中日不变英法变,其余s 加后边。 1a Chinese---Chinese 2) a Japanese---Japanese

3)an Englishman ---Englishmen 4) a Frenchman---Frenchmen

5) a German---Germans 6)an American---Americans




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