真实条件句和虚拟条件句的用法点击 英语中的条件状语从句是表示前提或条件的从句结构，分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句（也叫非真实条件句）两大类。 u 【真实条件句】 1. 定义：真实条件句是表示将来的事件是可能发生的，或句中的条件是事实。 2. 用法：真实条件句常见的有以下几种类型： ① If +现在时，主句+情态助动词。其中的现在时包括：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行式和can / must等,从句用一般将来时。例如： If it rains, the match will be cancelled. 如果下雨，比赛将被取消。(一般现在时) If I have read it, I will return the book on Monday. 如果我读完了，我会在周一把书还回去的。(现在完成时) If you are sitting in it, the police won’t take your car away. 如果你坐在里面，警察是不会把你的小车弄走的。(现在进行时) If she has been waiting, she should / ought to phone me. 如果她一直等着，她应该打电话给我。(现在完成进行式) If she can’t understand it, she can ask me. 如果她不明白，她可以问我。(情态动词can) ②祈使句+连词+陈述句。祈使句相当于if从句，比if 从句表示的更为紧迫。例如： Fail to pay and they’ll cut off the electricity. 你 (如果) 不付款，他们就要断电。 Tell us what to do and we’ll get on with it. 你 (如) 告诉我们该做什么，我们就会干下去。 Take a taxi, otherwise you’ll miss your train. 你 (如) 不叫出租车，你就会耽误火车。 Drop that gun, or I’ll shoot you. 放下枪，不然我就打死你。 u 【虚拟条件句】 1. 定义：虚拟条件句是表示从句中的假设条件与事实相反或是说话人认为不太可能实现的情况。 2. 用法：与现在事实相反的假设、与过去事实相反的假设和与将来事实相反的假设。主句和从句中谓语动词的具体形式如下： ①用于与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）。例如： This soup would taste better if it had more salt in it. 如果多放点盐的话，这个汤味道一定更好。 I should be a bit more careful if I were you. 我要是你，会更加小心的。 ②用于与过去事实相反的假设（指过去的假设）。例如： If I had not told him about it, he would never have known the fact. 要不是我告诉他那件事，他永远都不会知道真相。 If you had previewed the text, you wouldn’t have failed to answer the question. 如果你提前预习了课文的话，就会回答这个问题。 ③用于与将来事实相反的假设（指将来的假设）。例如： If your mother knew this tomorrow, she would be angry. 万一你母亲明天知道了这件事，她会生气的。 What would you do if you were to get into an accident? 如果发生事故，你怎么办？ If you should change your mind, no one would blame you. 万一你要改变主意，没有人会指责你。 【即学即练】 I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. — What will you do if it (rain) tomorrow? — We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready. 2. If I had been you then, I him. ( not quarrel) with 3. If I (see) him tomorrow, I would be very happy. 4. If I asked him, I’m sure he (help) me. 5. If I’d left sooner, I (be) on time. Ⅱ. 单项填空：真实条件句和虚拟条件句的用法比较。 1. ① If he in a day or two, I would wait for him. A. returns B. should have returned C. were to return D. have returned ② If he in a day or two, I will wait for him. A. returns B. should have returned C. were to return D. have returned 2. ① If I time, I a chat with you soon. A. have; will have B. had; will have C. had had; would have had D. have had; would have had ② If I time last night, I a chat with you. A. have; will have B. had; will have C. had had; would have had D. have had; would have had 3. ① If it this afternoon, we’ll put off the sports meet. A. rain B. rains C. rained D. will rain ② If it even a drop this spring, we would have had a better harvest. A. rained B. rains C. had rained D. have rained 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/f7172f34b4360b4c2e3f5727a5e9856a5712265f.html