新概念英语第二册精讲视频,逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第30课足球还是水球？

Lesson30 Football or polo？
　　课文内容：
　　The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday,so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly,one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat， but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children,but there weren‘t any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.
　　语法归纳：定冠词the的用法
　　一句话总结：定冠词the可用于单数可数名词、复数可数名词和不可数名词前表示特指。
　　用于表示世界上独一无二的事物和江、河、海洋、山等，如：the earth 地球 the moon 月亮 the Yellow River 黄河 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Rocky Mountains 落基山脉
　　特别注意：在海岛、山峰、湖泊前不用冠词，如：Lake Honghu 洪湖 Hainan Island 海南岛
　　2)由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词：the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 Ae United States of America 美利坚合众国 the New York Times 纽约时报 the Palace Museum故宫博物馆 the British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
　　3)在乐器前面要加定冠词：play the violin 拉小提琴 play the piano 洋钢琴 play the drum 敲鼓
　　4)用在部分形容词前表示特有的一类人：the strong 强者the sick 病人 the ugly丑陋的人 the poor穷人 the stupid 傻子 the wise 聪明人
　　5)用在序数词或形容词最髙级前
　　逐句精讲：
　　1. The Wayle Is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.
　　烕尔河是条横穿我家附近公园的一条小河。
　　语言点1 本句中that引导限制性定语从句，修饰river。
　　语言点2 small”小的”，常用于以下短语：feel small感到惭愧 speak small低声说话 small potato 小人物 small years 小时候small talk 闲聊small nature 小心眼
　　比较学习：small, little, diminutive, minute, tiny
　　1) small指面积、体积等小的，如：
　　This suit is too small for my father.这件西装我父亲穿着太小了。，
　　2) little指具体人或物小时，常有赞赏、爱怜等感情色彩，如：
　　Mary is a smart little girl.玛丽是一个聪明的小姑娘。
　　3) diminutive指较通常来说为小的，有时指很小的，如：
　　My grandmother’s feet are diminutive.我奶奶的脚长得很小.
　　4) minute指微小的，如：
　　a minute observer 一位细心的观察者
　　5) tiny指极小的，如：
　　In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns…are placed into the water when the festival is over.在滨海城镇中，这些小灯笼在节后就放在了水里。
　　语言点3 cut across = cut through 横穿
　　2. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.
　　我喜欢在天气明朗的下午到河边坐坐。
　　like “喜欢，爱好”，常见的用法如下：
　　1) like sth./to do/doing 喜欢(做)
　　I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不宜于我的健康。
　　He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。
　　I don’t like to bother you.我不想打扰你。
　　2) should / would like 想，希望
　　1 should like to stay in bed.我想躺在床上。
　　语言点2 by和beside作“在……旁边”讲时有细微的区别：beside多用于靠近某人，而by多用于靠近某物。
　　Please sit beside your brother.请坐在你弟弟旁边。
　　I am standing by the desk.我站在桌子旁。
　　语言点3 fine afternoons晴朗的下午
　　表达“晴朗的”的词汇：fine, fair, serene, sunny, sunshiny

　　3. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
　　上星期日很暖和，我和往常一样又去河边坐着：
　　语言点1 这是一个由so连接的并列句，请参考Lesson 25。
　　语言点2 as usual = as per usual和往常一样
　　4. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
　　河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在划船。
　　语言点1 本句为and连接的并列句，两个分句前后呼应。例：
　　A couple of students are reading books in the classroom and there are several workers digging road on the street.
　　三两个学生正在教室里读书，外面有几个工人在街上枕路。
　　语言点2 some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。有两种特例情况some可用在疑问句中代替any：
　　1) 表达希望知道时：
　　Could you give me some water ? 你能给我点水喝吗?
　　2) 表达热情邀请时：
　　Would you like some apples ? 你想不想吃点苹果?
　　5. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a bail very hard and it went towards a passing boat.
　　突然，一个小孩猛踢了一脚球，球便向着一只划过来的小船飞去。
　　语言点1 suddenly = abruptly突然地，唐突地(多用于书面语中)
　　语言点2 one of the children作主语，这是“ one of+范围”表示“其中之一”的结构。
　　语言点3 passing在此为现在分词，相当于形容词作前置定语。
　　6. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.
　　河岸上的一些人对着小船上的人高喊，但他没有听到。
　　语言点1 on the bank修饰people, in the boat修饰man,类似的介词短语作后置定语均起限定修饰 作用。
　　语言点2 call out to朝……大声叫喊
　　7. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
　　球重重地砸在他的身上，使他差点儿落入水中。
　　语言点1 fell v.跌落，倒下(过去式fell,过去分词fallen)
　　fell n.秋天(美式英语);autumn n.秋天(英式英语)
　　falls = waterfall n.瀑布 Niagara Falls尼亚加拉大瀑布
　　相关短语：fall ill 病倒 fall in love 陷入爱河
　　谚语学习：A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。
　　语言点2 ...that he nearly fell into the water.这是一个结果状语从句。
　　8. I turned to look at the children, but there weren‘t any in sight: they had all run away!
　　我转过头去看那些孩子，但一个也不见，他们全都跑了!
　　语言点1 sb. be in sight.某人在视线里→可以看到某人sb. be not in sight.某人不在视线里→看不到某人
　　语言点2 turned to look at转过身去看，turned为谓语动词。
　　语言点3 冒号后的内容一般为解释说明前面的内容。
　　9. The man laughed when he realized what had happened.
　　当那个人明白了发生的事情时，笑了起来。
　　语言点 本句中when引导时间状语从句，其中又包含一个宾语从句：what had happened 为 realized 的宾语。

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