2020年政府工作报告英文-2016年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（3）

2016年政府工作报告 (3)

二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放
Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.

☆激发市场活力 invigorate the market
☆译文对原文进行了深度加工，主要是从意思上把握。很多公文文章，水分较多，其中的大力、高度、围绕、结合、全面等等字眼，往往是为行文押韵、规整强行添加。翻译时，可以酌情省略，避免重复累赘。
最近在做一些项目，校对稿件时发现很多翻译太专注于文字本身，仅理解为字对字的语言转换。个人更倾向于翻译是信息转换，不能停留在语言表面。

我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。
Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.

☆强刺激 strong stimulus
☆结构性改革 structural reform
☆简政放权 streamline administration, delegate more powers
☆按照《中式英语之鉴》的观点，译文中的 move forward 可以删去。因为它本身没有多么大的意思，必须带上后面的 structural reform 才能表达实质意义。加上之后，既增加了字数，又减弱了信息表达。这里直接用continue with 也可以。
例如The company, which employs 550 people, will continue with year-round production at its Redgrave plant.
I went up to my room to continue with my packing. 我上我房间去继续收拾行李。
The politburo decided to continue with the stimulus remedy, a sign that it believes not enough have been done despite the 7.1% growth number.

取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。
We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.

☆行政审批 government review
☆非行政许可审批 non-administrative review
☆彻底终结 put a complete stop to

工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。
The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.

☆事中事后监管 operational and post-operational oversight
☆【“三证合一”】：就是将企业依次申请的工商营业执照、组织机构代码证和税务登记证三证合为一证，提高市场准入效率。
the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.
☆【“一照一码”】：通过“一口受理、并联审批、信息共享、结果互认”，实现由一个部门核发加载统一社会信用代码的营业执照。
a unified business license with a unified social credit code.
☆从考试角度来说“三证合一”难度较大，一般不会考到。从实际应用角度来说，说不定会用到。笔译还好，如果是做口译，领导或者外宾什么都可能讲到，而且有时候不只是简单一提，而是深入分析，这时就需要翻译有足够的知识储备。

群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。
Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.

☆办事，理解为办理各类手续 Government-related procedures。
☆Such that: 因此，表示结果，一种清新脱俗的感觉。这类词需要多从外刊积累，避免十年如一日地使用 so that 或者 in order to。多看国内各类公文英译也可以，毕竟是外交部或者外文局发布，他们也是很努力摆脱翻译套路，值得多借鉴。
We trade our labor for the the things we want, such that supply and demand always balance.
We need a breakthrough such that our hybrid social service system can produce better results at lower costs.

财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。
Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.

☆By one third，用好插入语，可以让汉译英更灵活生动。
☆范围扩大，避免 the coverage is extended，多用 extend。简洁生动有力为上。
☆Ad valorem /æd vəˈlɔːrəm/
从价征税 in proportion to the estimated value of the goods taxed
从价计征，即以课税对象的自然数量与单位价格的乘积为计税依据，按这种方法计征的税种称从价税。
☆增加: scale up
☆a major push to scale up treatment programmes for people in poor countries. 一项为贫困国家人民增加医疗项目的重大努力。

取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。
The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.

☆人民币跨境支付系统 the RMB cross-border payment system
☆存款利率 deposit rates
☆存款保险 deposit insurance
☆Band：A band is a range of numbers or values within a system of measurement. (测量的) 范围
☆For an initial service, a 10 megahertz-wide band of frequencies will be needed. 初期制动将需要10兆赫兹宽的频带。

国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。
We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.

☆取得成效 deliver results

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