【#高三# 导语】普通人与学霸之间往往只相差一小步,而这一小步却往往需要非凡的毅力才能赶上。以下是®文档大全网整理的《高三英语必修四知识点笔记》希望能够帮助到大家。
一、一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。
二、 现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
(一)概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
(二)各种时态被动语态的形式
1.一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + done
2.一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + done
3.一般将来时的被动语态 ⑴will/shall be done ⑵be going to be done ⑶be to be done
4.现在进行时的被动语态 is/am/are + being + done
表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,经常和时间副词now (现在), right now (现在, 此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。
5.现在完成时的被动 have/has been done
现在完成时常与already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever )since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these days,many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。
6. 过去完成时的被动 had been done
7. 过去将来时的被动 would be done
8. 过去进行时的被动 was/were being done
9. 带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done
10. 动词不定式的被动式 to be done
动词不定式作宾语
以不定式结构为宾语的动词有:
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语
口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词)
想要学习 早打算( want learn plan)
快准备 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)
同意否 供选择(agree offer choose)
决定了 已答应(decide be determined promise)
尽力去 着手做(manage undertake)
别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend)
失败不是属于你(fail)
e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.
We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
be kind to 对……和善
be important to 对……重要
be senior to 年龄长于……
be equal to 和……相等
be particular to ……所特有的(比较:be particular about 对……过于讲究;挑剔)
be subject to 服从;隶属;易遭\受\患
be familiar to 为 ……熟悉
be similar to 和……相似
be open to 对……开放
be loyal to 对……忠诚
be helpful to对……有益处
be useful to对……有用
be good to sb对某人好(比较:be good for 对……有益处)
be bad to 对……不好
be bad for(比较:对……有害处)
be new to 对……不习惯;对……陌生
as to 关于;至于
next to(否定词前)几乎;
be due to do sth.预定要做某事
next to ……的旁边
due to 由于;归因于……
thanks to 多亏了;由于
owing to 由于;因……的缘故
不定式做主语:
不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (对等)
注:
1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语, 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
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