2019考研英语作文爬山范文,2019考研英语作文范文“人口增长”（1）

副标题：2019考研英语作文范文“人口增长”（1）

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人口增长与生物灭绝

　　Directions:

　　Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.

　　Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:

　　1. Effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife

　　2. Possible reason for the effect.

　　3. Your suggestion for wildlife protection.

　　真题分析：

　　本题为多年来考研作文短文题目中仅有的一道纯图表题目。图中只给出了一大一小两幅简单的线形图，要求考生分析两幅图之间的关系，总结出题目的主题和内涵。

　　针对本题，我们所要做的第一步是仔细阅读图中的文字说明和数据，特别注意数据的变化趋势。但是，在文章中切忌简单罗列所有数据，不仅会使文章无端地增加长度，还会使考官无法抓住文章主题。对于数据的处理一般都是进行概括分析，仅举几个典型的数据为例来说明问题。

　　第一幅线形图中，美国人口在1800年至1980年至短短200年之间增长了近250倍，而从1700年至1900年200年间美国的生物灭绝速度却增加了70倍。人口增长的速度和物种灭绝的速度正好成正比。由此可以推断，题目要求考生认清这两者之间的关系，认识到人口的增长和扩展严重威胁到了物种的生存，从而要求考生在文章中分析问题产生的原因，提出解决方案。

　　思路拓展：

　　人口的失控增长是近几十年来全球的热点话题之一。人口的扩张不是一个简单的问题，而是涉及空间、资源控制、生态平衡、环境污染、经济发展、社会保障和福利等等一系列、全方位涉及到人类在地球上生存和发展的问题。当今世界上的许多疾病、矛盾、甚至是战争，都是由于人口爆炸而引起的。此外，人口问题还涉及到人口质量、身体健康、性别比例、人口增长与财富分配、老龄化等常见话题。考生可以在平时的新闻报道中找到足够的信息，而可以多找一些报纸杂志上的评论文章上阅读，为自己积累论点和论据等。

　　范文：

　　Currently, there is a widespread concern about the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. As the two graphs obviously portrayed, American population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. A clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural species.

　　There are many factors responsible for the aforementioned tendency. First and foremost, to satisfy the space demand for the booming population, the only available solution for Americans is to take occupation of forests and grassland. that used to be habitat of wild animals and plants. Furthermore, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.

　　In my point of view, the dearth of wildlife today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. In order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. Effective measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed.

　　译文：

　　近来人们开始普遍关注以前被忽略的人口增长和自然物种减少之间的关系。正如两幅图表显示，1980年的美国人口是1900年的250倍，同时在过去的300年间大约有70种野生生物在美国灭绝。这清楚地表明人类给自然物种带来了巨大的负面影响。

　　以上趋势是由诸多原因造成的。首先，为了满足迅速增长的人口对于空间的需求，对于美国人来说最有效的解决办法就是占据森林、草原等其他动植物的天堂。此外，工业化和城市化的进程造成了严重的污染，在根本上摧毁了环境和生态系统。

　　我认为，今天野生生物生命权的被剥夺预示着将来人类并不明朗的前景。为了减少物种灭绝，应该制定相关的法律法规、强制保护更多的地区保持其原始状态。应该采取有效的措施来减少污染的影响。

　　闪光词汇及词组：

　　exert an influence: 对……造成影响

　　booming: adj. 急速发展的

　　take occupation of: 占据，占有

　　generate: v. 产生，发生

　　ecosystem: n. 生态系统

　　dearth: n. 缺乏

　　unpromising: adj. 没有前途的，没有希望的

　　eliminate: v. 排除，消除

　　unspoiled: adj. 未损坏的，为开发的

　　万能句型：

　　Currently, there is a widespread concern about the previously neglected connection between…

　　As the two graphs obviously portray…

　　… is a trend accompanied by…

　　A clear correlation is suggested that…

　　There are many factors responsible for the aforementioned tendency.

　　First and foremost … Furthermore…

　　Effective measures should also be applied to ensure that…

人与自然

　　Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) state your point of view.

　　You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　人与自然

　　范文：

　　The picture depicts a scene in which residents of Earth all try their best to obtain water from outer space. Crowds of people are crammed in the one window, stretching their hands outwards with bowls to catch one or two drops of rain. Further examination reveals that the window actually is dramatized as the window of Earth.

　　Apparently, the picture symbolizes that humans, with such a huge population, may one day suffer from the exhaustion of resources. Take water for example. Water is indispensable. We find that the unbalanced distribution of the resource poses a difficult problem to the rapidly increasing human population as how to maximize the value of water. To make it worse, pollutions from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.

　　If the tendendy of population boom and shortage of resources is not properly controlled, we have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards human’s future on Earth. Perhaps eventually we would face the situation suggested by the picture, that is, relying on the limited resources from outer space. Accordingly, I strongly recommend that the whole globe launch aggressive programs to address this serious problem.

　　译文：

　　这幅图描绘了地球上的居民们都努力要从外太空接水的场景。该图的艺术手法充满了反讽意味。人们挤在仅有的一个窗口，努力伸出手用碗来接到一两滴的水。通过进一步的观察我们可以发现这个窗户实际上是一个地球之窗。

　　很显然这幅图象征了拥有如此庞大人口的人类可能有一天要受资源枯竭之苦。以水资源为例。水在人类日常生活中是不可缺少的。尽管淡水的总量十分丰富，我们发现水资源的分布不均给迅速增长的人口带来了如何化地利用水资源的难题。更糟的是，工业生产导致的污染使得许多清洁河流都变得不能饮用。

　　如果人口增长和资源匮乏的矛盾得不到有效的控制，我们有理由对人类在地球上的前景持悲观态度。我们很可能最终要面临图中描绘的那种情况，即向外太空要资源。因此，我强烈地建议全球都要针对这个严重的问题采取积极的措施。

　　闪光词汇及词组：

　　suffer from: 忍受，遭受

　　indispensable: adj. 不可缺少的，不可避免的

　　unbalanced: adj. 不平衡的，不均衡的

　　maximize: v. 化

　　undrinkable: adj. 不能喝的，不能饮用的

　　shortage: n. 不足，缺乏

　　eventually: adv. 最后，终于

　　aggressive program: 积极的措施

　　万能句型：

　　The picture depicts a scene in which…

　　Further examination reveals that…

　　Apparently, the picture symbolizes that…

　　To make it worse…

　　If … we have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards…

老年人口大幅增长

　　Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) state your point of view.

　　You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　范文：

　　The cartoon reveals an astonishing scenario in which hundreds of old people are chasing a small bag tagged “retirement fund”. The artist tactically drew these humans’ heads as bowls, indicating that their retirement life completely depends on this fund. On the other hand, the shrinking bag with a worried face betrays its inability to meet the enormous demand.

　　As our society turns gradually towards population aging, a series of severe problems about the retirement fund system emerge owing to the expanding scale of the old. A recent report released by the central government shows that in most of the provinces in China, retirement fund fails to make ends meet—the expenditure always overweighs the income. Moreover, the disparity is becoming larger, which results in the lack of adequate fund and the unbalanced structure of the retirement fund system. More importantly, the current legal mechanism of social insurance is not strong enough to tackle with relevant problems.

　　I strongly maintain that the task of supporting the old is of great significance to a stable and healthy society. Government should launch a fundamental reform of the retirement fund by promulgating regulations and measures so as to guarantee the system’s efficiency.

　　译文：

　　这幅漫画展现了一个惊人的场景，成百上千的老人们正在追赶一个贴着“养老保险金”的小袋子。作画者别出心裁地将人的头都画成碗的样子，说明了老人们的退休生活完全依靠养老保险金。另一方面，这个不断在缩小的袋子一脸的不高兴，因为他无法满足如此巨大的需求。

　　随着我们的社会逐渐趋向老龄化，老年人口的大幅度增长导致了一系列的设计养老保险金制度的问题。一份中央政府最近公布的报道显示，在中国的大部分省份，养老保险金都无法保持收支平衡——支出往往大于收入。这种缺口正在变得越来越大，导致了养老保险金制度中出现资金缺乏和结构不平衡的问题。更重要的是，现有的社会保险法律机制仍然不完善，无法解决相关的一些问题。

　　我认为赡养老人的任务对于一个稳定和健康的社会有着重要的意义。政府应该对养老保险金进行根本性的改革，颁布一系列法律法规来保障该体系的效率。这对于建设和谐社会的进程也使不可缺少的。

　　闪光词汇及词组：

　　astonishing: adj. 令人惊讶的

　　chase: v. 追赶

　　tag: v. 加标签于……

　　tactically: adv. 有策略地

　　shrink: v. 收缩，紧缩

　　betray: v. 泄漏，露出……的迹象

　　inability: n. 无能，无力

　　population aging: 人口老龄化

　　make ends meet: 收支平衡

　　expenditure: n. 支出