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新概念英语第2册Lesson37重点句型及语法
重要句型或语法
将来完成时
这个时态是第二册里新出现的时态。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用,也可与before或by the time短语引导的现在时的从句连用。如:
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
课文主要语言点
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. 1)注意the Olympic Games的首字母大写。注意Olympic的发音和拼写。game,比赛。 2)hold,举行、举办。 3)in four years' time,四年之后。注意“in+一段时间+'s/'+time”是将来时的标志性时间状语。
As a great many people will be visiting our country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 1)as,用作连词,表示由于、因为。 2)a great many,许多、大量。后接可数名词的复数,相当于many。 3)可提问学生为什么此处的动词visit和build都采用了将来进行时(因为这些动作都是按计划在将来一定会发生的)。 4)immense,巨大的。 5)stadium,(露天)体育馆、体育场。室内的体育馆就叫做indoor stadium。 6)standard,标准。
They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. 1)special,特别的、专门的。 2)a railway line,铁路线。a special railway line,铁路专线。
The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. 1)capital,首都。也可以表示资金。 2)whole,整个的。 3)area,地区、面积。 4)可复习一下被动语态的基本用法。
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. 1)讲解将来完成时的基本用法。 2)complete,完成、结束。该词也可以直接用作形容词,表示完整的、完全的。 3)by the end of,到...时候为止。如果后接过去时间,则谓语动词要采用过去完成时。
By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. finish work on sth.,完成...工作。
The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. 1)fantastic,巨大的、极好的。 2)design,设计。 3)可以复习一下现在完成时中的被动语态。
Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. 1)可提问本句中的watch为什么采用将来进行时(因为表达的是将来某个时间正在发生的动作)。 2)anxiously,焦急地、焦虑地。 3)as,表示当...的时候。 4)go up,矗立、拔地而起。
We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 1)excited,兴奋的、激动的。可讲讲使役动词的现在分词和过去分词的形容词化及两者间的区别。 2)look forward to,期望、期待。注意to是介词,后接动词的话,要加ing。 3)never...before,从未。这是完成时的标志性词语,所以其所在的从句动词hold用了完成时。
读写重点
注意课文中一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时的运用,要视表达的内容与目的而定。
新概念英语第2册Lesson38重点句型及语法
重要句型或语法
过去完成时
这个时态在第一册第119-120课和第二册第14课里已经学过,本课侧重的是两个表“一…就…”的句型的学习:no sooner…than…和hardly…when…如:
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
课文主要语言点
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterrean for many years before he returned to England. 1)可提问学生此处的live为什么使用过去完成时(因为before引导的从句的动作用了一般过去时,主句动作是在此之前发生的,即“过去的过去”)。 2)注意Mediterranean的构词和发音。该词由medi(中间)和terranean两部分构成,而terranean又源自terrain(地带;地域),所以Mediterrean表示“地中的”。注意该词的重音在ra-上。 3)return to,回到。
He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. 1)可提问学生并解释此处的dream和plan为什么使用过去完成时。 2)dream of,梦想、向往。 3)retire,退休。一般用作不及物动词。 4)plan to do,计划、打算。 5)settle down,安定下来、定居。
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. 1)注意no sooner所在主句的谓语动词采用的是过去完成时,而than所在的从句谓语动词采用的是一般过去时。 2)注意提醒学生该句型中的连词是than,不是then。可通过sooner比较级的形式来识别和记忆。
Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterl cold. 1)almost immediately,紧接着。 2)complain about,抱怨、投诉。about也可以替换为of。 3)注意此处的for是个连词,连接的是并列句,补充说明主句动作发生的原因。for表原因时,其引导的从句不能放句首。 4)even though,尽管、即使。 5)continually,断断续续地。注意与同根副词continuously(持续不断地)的区别。 6)bitterly cold,冷得刺骨。bitterly,本义表示残酷地、痛苦地,在此表示刺骨地。
After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. 1)after so many years of...,经过多年的...。 2)sunshine,阳光。是由sun和shine构成的合成词。 3)get a shock,感到震惊。相当于be shocked,但动作含义更强,更具强调效果。
He acted as if he had never lived in England before. 1)act,举止、行动。 2)as if,好像。它引导的从句谓语动词一般要用虚拟语气。 3)never…before,从未。
In the end, it was more than he could bear. 1)in the end,最终、最后。 2)more than,超过、不仅仅。 3)bear,容忍、忍受。
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. 1)注意hardly所在主句的动词要采用过去完成时,when从句的动作要采用一般过去时。 2)have time to do,有时间做某事。
The dream he had had for so many years ended there. 1)注意句中的he had had for so many years是dream的定语从句,省略了关系代词that或which。 2)可提问学生为什么此处的谓语动词要采用过去完成时。
Harrison had thought of everthing except the weather. 1)可提问学生为什么此处的think要采用过去完成时。 2)think of,想到、想起。注意跟think about(思考)的区别。 3)except,除了…之外,没有...。注意与besides(除了…之外,还有…)的区别。
读写重点
课文中出现了more than的比较级句型,可做些拓展,引入no less than、no more than等句型,并进行讲解操练。
新概念英语第2册Lesson39重点句型及语法
重要句型或语法
间接引语
在本册第15课里已经出现了间接引语的内容,但侧重的是直接引语为陈述句的情况,连接词要用that,而且可以省略。而本课里的间接引语则侧重的是直接引语为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的情况,连接词要用whether或if,而且不可以省略。如:
She asked me if/whether I was tired.
Jane asked me why I hadn't written to her.
课文主要语言点
While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but his doctor refused to do so. 1)注意in hospital(生病住院)和in the hospital(在医院里,不一定是因为生病)的区别。 2)注意ask sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事)与ask sb.(询问)的区别。 3)可提问学生为什么be successful要采用过去完成时,由此引出间接引语的用法中,当主语动作采用一般过去时的时候,间接引语中的谓语动词的时态变化规则。 4)refuse to do sth.,拒绝做某事。如果refuse后面直接跟名词或代词,其用法为refuse sb./sth.。
The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. 1)the following day,第二天。相当于the next day。 2)patitent,病人。注意作为形容词,patient表示“耐心的”,其名词为patience(耐心)。 3)ask for sth.,要求某物。 4)bedside,床边、床头。
When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. 1)注意alone(独自的,只能作表语或补语,不能作前置定语)和lonely(孤独的,大部分成分都能作)的区别。 2)exchange,电话转接台。 3)注意此处的Doctor用作头衔或称呼,所以首字母要大写。
When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. 1)answer the phone,回电话。 2)inquire about sb./sth.,询问。 3)a certain,某个人或物。 4)a Mr. John Gilbert,一个叫John Gilbert先生的人。注意“a+人名”,表示“一个叫什么的人”。
He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. 1)可提问学生“He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful”的直接引语原文应该是什么(He asked the doctor, 'Was Mr. Gilbert's operation successful?)。 2)可提问学生the doctor told him that it had been中的been后面省略了什么(省略了successful)。
He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. 1)可提问学生这两句间接引语的直接引语原文是什么(He asked the doctor, 'When will Mr. Gilbert be allowed to go home?'和The doctor told him, 'He will have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.') 2)allow sb. to do sth.,允许某人做某事。3)would have to,不得不;得...。 4)another可以后接复数可数名词,表示“再...,又...”。
Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. 1)caller,打电话的人。 2)relative,亲戚。 3)可提问学生本句间接引语的直接引语原文是什么(Dr. Millington asked the caller, 'Are you a relative of the patient?')
No,' the patient answered, 'I am Mr. John Gilbert.' 注意am要重读,因为此处要强调打电话的人就是病人本人。
读写重点
教材第180页的难点部分出现了引号的用法说明,可以在本课里梳理一下常用的标点符号的用法:逗号;句号;问号;感叹号;引号;破折号;分号;冒号。
语用文化
可介绍一下医院对病人隐私权的保护问题。
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