2022年上半年英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

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1.2022年上半年英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

　　1. it may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. (1991. 阅读. text 1)

　　【译文】这或许是对学生写作能力的尖锐批评，但也反映了教师的悲哀—他根本没读过这篇文章，而文章里包含了学生内心感受的优美表达。

　　【析句】多重复合句，句子主干为it may have been a sharp criticism..., but it was a sad refection of the teacher, but连接两个成转折关系的句子，其中，后句又包含两个从句：who had omitted to read the essay作定语从句修饰the teacher,而which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的句子。

　　2. the teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on he child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement. (1991. 阅读. text 1)

　　【译文】教师关注错误不可厚非，但如果他更重视学生的想法的话，那么他表现出的失望本可以激发出学生更大的动力去改进。

　　【析句】本句的主干与例句一相似，都是由but连接两个句子，后句中，if his priorities had centered on...为条件状语从句，主句an expression of his disappointment would have given...。注意后句的时态搭配，主句would have given为虚拟式，从句用had centered on过去完成时。

　　3. in 1862 congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from nebraska westward and from california eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the atlantic seaboard with the pacific. (1991. 阅读. text 4)

　　【译文】1862年国会批准两家西部铁路公司修建从内布拉斯加往西和加利福利亚向东汇合的铁路，以便建成横跨大陆连接大西洋海岸和太平洋的十字路口。

　　【析句】本句结构比较简单，只有一个较长的句子congress authorized two western railroad companies,so as to complete...为目的状语。难点在于from nebraska westward and from california eastward的理解，很多同学理解成nebraska西部和california东部，实际上，westward/eastward这里是形容词，意为“向西/向东”。

2.2022年上半年英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

　　1. a breakthrough in the provision of energy from the sun for the european economic community(eec) could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the eec's research effort in this field, according to the senior eec scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at eec's scientific laboratories at ispra, near milan. (1991. 阅读. text 2)

　　【译文】根据欧洲经济共同体资深科学家在伊斯普拉(米兰附近)实验室所进行的实验表明，如果欧共体在太阳能供应这一领域的研究工作有些许增加，就能提前二十年取得该领域的突破。

　　【析句】多重复合句，主句为a breakthrough could be brought forward by two decades,could此处表示一种可能性，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，最后是according to引导表示参考的状语the senior eec scientist,engaged in experiments为过去分词作定语。

　　2. the senior west german scientist in charge of the community's solar energy programme, mr. joachim gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three percent of the community's energy requirements even after the year 2000. (1991. 阅读. text 2)

　　【译文】欧共体太阳能项目负责人、西德资深科学家joachim gretz先生告诉记者，以目前的研究支出水平，即使在2000年后太阳能也不可能为满足欧共体高达百分之三的能源需求。

　　【析句】主干为mr. hoachim gretz told journalists that+宾语从句，人名前the senior west german scientist...programme是mr.joachim的同位语，是对其身份的说明。宾语从句中又包含一套主从句为it was most unlikely that+主语从句，it作形式主语。

　　3. this special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that asian american students who began their educations abroad arrived in the u.s. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of english. (1993..text 3)

　　【译文】亚裔学生对数学和科学专业情有独钟，其部分原因是因为这些来到国外求学的学生拥有牢固的数学基础，却几乎对英语一窍不通。

　　【析句】多重复合句，主句为this special liking is partly explained by the fact,fact后是that引导的同位语从句说明fact的具体内容，同位语从句中又有主句和从句，主句为asian american students arrived with a solid...english,句中who began their educations abroad作asian american students的定语从句。

3.2022年上半年英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

　　1. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be toug 1. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Scott Hahn says…。high-quality sustainable…find为says的宾语。which引导的非限制性定语从句which uses all-organic cotton修饰的是Rogan and Loomstate。cofounder with Gregory为Scott Hahn的同位语。

　　【译文】Scott Hahn与Gregory同为使用全有机棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的创始人，他声称，高质量的可持续使用面料仍然很难寻觅到。

　　2. Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Most designers…are finding…。there aren’t…used to为省略了that的宾语从句。that引导的定语从句that can just replace…修饰fabrics。what引导的两个宾语从句what you’re doing和what your customers are used to作replace的宾语。

　　【译文】他说，“大多数现有品牌设计师发现，并没有匹配的面料能代替你正用着的和顾客们已经适应的面料。”

　　3. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为… Designers & Agents stopped charging…and gave special recognition…。who引导的定语从句who attend its…York修饰entrepreneurs，whose引导的定语从句whose collections are…sustainable修饰designers。

　　【译文】去年，颇具影响力的Designers & Agents对参加其在洛杉矶和纽约举办的两次春季展览的年轻环保企业家们实行免费入场，同时给予那些作品中包括至少四分之一可持续产品的设计师们以特别表彰。

2022年上半年英语四级真题阅读长难句分析.doc

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