新概念英语第二册精讲13课_逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第43课飞越南极

Lesson43 Over the South Pole
　　新概念英语2课文内容：
　　In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy foodsacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
　　语法归纳：条件状语从句
　　一句话总结：从句的内容作条件状语。
　　常用引导词有：if, unless, suppose, supposing, provided that, in case, so long as, as long as, on conditionthat等。
　　As long as you give all of your money to us, we will let you off.
　　只要你把你所有的钱都给我们，我们就饶了你。
　　Provided that the shop assistant knocks 40% off this suit, I shall take it home.
　　假如导购给我打六折，我将买下这套西服。
　　Please call us in case you get any difficulty.
　　万一你有什么难处，就一定给我们打电话。
　　新概念英语2逐句精讲笔记：
　　1. In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
　　美国探险家R.E.伯德在飞越了北极3年之后，于1929年首次飞越了南极。
　　语言点1 本句中出观了两个同位语，three years after...North Pole为in 1929的同位语， R.E. Byrd 为 the American explorer的同位语。
　　语言点2 fly over 意为“飞越”、辨析：over, above, on, up：
　　over意为“在……正上方”，反义词为under“在……正下方”(直线距离)；
　　above意为“在上方”；反义词为below“在......下方”(大范围内)；
　　on意为“在……上”；反义词为beneath“在……下”(有接触面)；
　　up意为"向上”，反义词为down“向下”(表示方向)。
　　语言点3 for the first time表示“第一次”
　　for the first time to do sth.则表示“第一次做某事
　　It is my first time to travel around the world. 这是我第一次环游世界。
　　2. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
　　虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍摄了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但是他们很快就陷入了困境。
　　语言点1 本句中though引导让步状语从句，though还可以替换为although，even if，even though等 (注意不与but搭配使用)。
　　Even if she looks ugly, she is quite tender.
　　尽管她长得难看，但是却十分温柔。
　　语言点2 was/were able to do sth.(= succeeded in doing sth.)在此不是指过去有能力做某事，而是成功做到了某事。
　　He was able to swim across the river. = He succeeded in swimming across the river.
　　他成功地游过了这条河。
　　原句可以改为：…Byrd and his men succeeded in taking a great many photographs...
　　语言点3 his men在此相当于his assistants,他的助手们。
　　语言点4 run into trouble意思为“陷入了困境”。该结构可以总结为：run / get / come / fall into +名词——从一种状态改变成为另一种状态。
　　The climbers got into a snowstorm on the way to the top of the mountain.
　　登山队员在登顶过程中遇上了暴风雪。
　　3. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
　　在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁。
　　语言点 本句中it是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的从句的内容：他们的飞机将要坠毁了似乎已成定局。
　　4. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
　　只有在飞机飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。
　　语言点 本句包含“only + if”的结构，意为“只有……才……”。
　　The soldiers could only march to the next town if the rain stopped.
　　这些士兵们只有等到雨停了才能够行军到下一个城镇。
　　5. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.
　　伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉。,
　　语言点 order sb. to do sth.为不定式作宾语补足语的典型结构(请参考Lesson 11P)。

　　6. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
　　于是飞机上升了，在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。
　　语言点 by在此句中表示相差的距离，并非表被动或者“在……旁边”。
　　7. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
　　伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再也没有山了。
　　语言点 本句句式很繁杂，其中that引导宾语从句，which引导定语从句，for引导原因状语从句。
　　8. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
　　飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无迹的白色原野！
　　语言点 without difficulty意为“毫无困难地”，做状语。

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