2018年考研英语一大作文,2018年考研英语长难句精选200句(24)

副标题:2018年考研英语长难句精选200句(24)

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Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black
  主语 定语从句 宾语从句 时间状语
  soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
  时间状语 谓语 宾语 后置定语 目的状语
  freedom in his will.
  译文:华盛顿看到黑人士兵在美国独立战争中的英勇表现后,开始相信人生而平等,因此他不顾亲人的极力反对,在遗嘱中给予了他的奴隶们自由。
  分析:本句的主干是Washington…overcame the strong opposition…。Who引导的非限定性定语从句对先行词Washington做进一步的解释说明。该定语从句中,who代替Washington充当主语,谓语是had begun to believe,宾语是that引导的定语从句,after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War是这个定语从句的时间状语,说明“开始相信”的时间。主句中,of his relatives修饰的是前面的opposition,而to grant his slaves their freedom in his will表明了华盛顿不顾亲人反对也要实现的目的。
  This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just
  主语 谓语 宾语 后置定语 让步状语从句
  three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other
  让步状语从句
  great-great-grandparents.
  译文:这种DNA检测只能检测出一两位祖先的基因信息,尽管,比如说,只追溯三代,每个人还有另外六位曾祖父母,追溯到第四代,还有另外的14个高祖父母。
  分析:该句的主干是This DNA can reveal genetic information…,之后的about only one or two ancestors是宾语genetic information的后置定语,对其进行解释说明。主句之后是由even though引导的让步状语从句,表示转折的意味,从句由两个分句组成,中间由or连接。第一个分句的结构是“主语(people)+谓语(have)+宾语(six other great-grandparents)”,第二个分句中省略了主语和谓语,因为主谓同第一个分句,宾语是14 other great-great-grandparents。
  However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe
  连词 时间状语从句 目的状语从句
  what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
  宾语从句 主语 系动词 表语
  译文:但是,如果将两只猴子分开放在相邻的房间里,让它们可以看彼此用石头换得的东西时,它们的行为就会变得明显不同。
  分析:本句中含有多个从句,因此理解的重点在于从句间的关系。本句的主干为…their behaviour became markedly different。句首是由when 引导的时间状语从句,在该从句中还含有 so that 引导的目的状语从句,用来解释将猴子放在相邻房间的目的。在这个状语从句中还含有一个由 what 引导的宾语从句,充当谓语 observe的宾语。
  In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should,
  地点状语 同位语1
  Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees
  主语 同位语2
  the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
  宾语 后置定语 宾语补足语
  译文:约翰·麦克沃特是一位语言学家,也是一位自由和保守思想兼备的辩论家,在他的新书《做自己的事:语言与音乐的退化,以及我们为什么应该,呃,在意》中,麦克沃特认为20世纪60年代反传统文化运动的胜利是造成正式英语衰落的原因。
  分析:本句的难点是有很多同位语结构,理解的时候既要找准主干,同时也要理解同位语解释说明的部分。本句的主干为…John McWhorter…sees the triumph…as…。介词短语In his latest book充当全句的状语,book后的斜体字为该书的书名,充当book的同位语。句子的主语是John McWhorter,后面紧跟的短语a linguist and controversialist…是介绍人物身份的内容,即John McWhorter的同位语。

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